Interactionist approach

Question 1

What is a diathesis in terms of the diathesis-stress model?

Answer 1

A biological predisposition

Question 2

What is a stress in terms of the diathesis-stress model?

Answer 2

An environmental stimulus that can trigger the diathesis

Question 3

What is the diathesis stress model?

Answer 3

An explanation that says schizophrenia is the result of an interaction between biological and environmental factors

Question 4

Who proposed a diatheis-stress approach to explainign schizophrenia?

Answer 4

Meehl

Question 5

What did Meehl say the diathesis of schizophrenia was?

Answer 5

A singular schizogene

Question 6

What does the schizogene supposedly cause?

Answer 6

A schizotypic personality type

Question 7

What is a schizotypic personality type?

Answer 7

When an individual becomes more sensitive to environemental stressors

Question 8

What do twin studies provide evidence of?

Answer 8

A genetic component to schizophrenia

Question 9

Give two examples of environmental triggers of schizophrenia?

Answer 9

Substance abuse and childhood trauma

Question 10

What did Varese find?

Answer 10

Children who experienced severe trauma before the age of 16 were 3x more likely to develop schizophrenia

Question 11

What does the interactionist approach to treating schizophrenia involve?

Answer 11

Combining biological medication with psychological therapy

Question 12

Why is an interactionist approach to treating schizophrenia effective?

Answer 12

The biological treatment treats the positive symptoms, anf the psychological treatment helsp reduce the negative symptoms

Question 13

What are the 4 AO3 points of the interactionist approach to schizophrenia?

Answer 13

1) Diatheses may not be exclusively genetic
2) Tienari’s study + limitations
3) Implications for treatment
4) Difficulties in determining causal treatment

Question 14

What may diatheses be other than genetics?

Answer 14

Brain damage

Question 15

Individuals that experience what are 4x more likely to develop schizophrenia?

Answer 15

Obstetric complications

Question 16

Why can obstetric complications lead to schizophrenia?

Answer 16

Because situations such as prolonged labour can lead to oxygen deprivation

Question 17

What type of study did Tienari conduct?

Answer 17

Adoption study

Question 18

How many adoptees were included in Tienari’s study?

Answer 18

303

Question 19

In Tienari’s study, how many adoptees developed schizophrenia?

Answer 19

14

Question 20

In Tienari’s study, how many of the adoptees who developed schizophrenia had schizophrenic mothers?

Answer 20

11

Question 21

What did Tienari find to be a significant predictor in the development of schizophrenia ?

Answer 21

Adoptive family stress levels

Question 22

What is the methodological issue with Tienari’s study?

Answer 22

The stress levels of the adoptive family were measured only at one given time

Question 23

Which virus can lead to the development of schizophrenia?

Answer 23

Cytomegalovirus

Question 24

What are the conditions for a child of a mother who contracted cytomegalovirus to develop schizophrenia?

Answer 24

Both the mother and the child must have a particular gene defect

Question 25

What may able to treat schizophrenia in children whose mothers contracted cytomegalovirus?

Answer 25

Antiviral medicines