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Psychology: Schizophrenia > Drug therapy > Flashcards

Drug therapy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is drug therapy?

A

The use of drugs to treat schizophrenia

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2
Q

What is the most common drug used to treat schizophrenia?

A

Antipsychotics

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3
Q

How do all antipsychotics work?

A

They reduce dopaminergic activity

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4
Q

When were typical antipsychotics developed?

A

The 1950s

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5
Q

What type of drugs are antipsychotics?

A

Dopamine antagonists

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6
Q

Which receptors do antipsychotics bind to?

A

D2 receptors

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7
Q

In which pathway do antipsychotics work?

A

The mesolimbic pathway

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8
Q

Which symptoms do typical antipsychotics treat?

A

The positive symptoms

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9
Q

How long does it take for the positive symptoms to go away after taking typical antipsychotics?

A

Several days

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10
Q

When were atypical antipsychotics developed?

A

The 1970s

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11
Q

What are extrapyramidal side effects?

A

Drug-induced motor disorders

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12
Q

Give an example of an extra pyramidal side effect?

A

Tardive dyskinesia

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13
Q

How are atypical antipsychotics better than typical antipsychotics? (2)

A

They carry a lower risk of extra pyramidal side effects and have a beneficial effect on negative symptoms and cognitive impairment.

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14
Q

How do atypical antipsychotics differ from typical antipsychotics biologically?

A

They only bind to the D2 receptors temporarily

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15
Q

What does the rapid dissociation of dopamine from D2 receptors lead to?

A

A decreased risk of extrapyramidal side effects

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16
Q

Which other receptors do antipsychotics bind to?

A

Glutamate and serotonin

17
Q

Name the most common typical antipsychotic?

A

Chlorpromazine

18
Q

Name the most common atypical antipsychotic?

A

Clozapine

19
Q

What are the 4 AO3 points for the treatment of schizophrenia using drug therapy?

A

1) Extrapyramidal side effects
2) Antipsychotics VS placebo
3) Are atypical antipsychotics better?
4) Motivational deficits

20
Q

What are extrapyramidal side effects?

A

Side effects that affect the extrapyramidal region of the brain

21
Q

What percentage of people that take atypical antipsychotics experience extrapyramidal side effects?

A

50%

22
Q

Name a common extrapyramidal side effect.

A

Tardive dyskinesia

23
Q

What is tardive dyskinesia?

A

The involuntary movement of the tongue, jaw and face

24
Q

In the meta-analysis that supports the effectiveness of antipsychotics, how many studies were included?

A

65

25
Q

In the meta-analysis that supports the effectiveness of antipsychotics, how may patients were there in total?

A

6000

26
Q

In the meta-analysis that supports the effectiveness of antipsychotics, what percentage of those on the placebo relapsed within 12 months?

A

64%

27
Q

In the meta-analysis that supports the effectiveness of antipsychotics, what percentage of those on the antipsychotic relapsed within 12 months?

A

27%

28
Q

In the meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of the different types of antipsychotic, how many studies were included?

A

15

29
Q

In the meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of the different types of antipsychotic, what was found in terms of symptoms?

A

There was no difference in reduction of symptoms between the 2

30
Q

In the meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of the different types of antipsychotic, what side effects were common with typical antipsychotics?

A

Weight gain

31
Q

In the meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of the different types of antipsychotic, what side effects were common with atypical antipsychotics?

A

Extrapyramidal side effects

32
Q

Why can the prescription of antipsychotics be deemed negative?

A

It reinforces the view that ‘there is something wrong with them’

33
Q

What may the prescription of antipsychotics lead to be overlooked?

A

Environmental stressors that may be contributing to their condition

Psychology: Schizophrenia (9 decks)

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