Intelligence and Psychological Testing

Question 1

What is intelligence?

Answer 1

Originally defined as the ability to discern true or important information from false or unimportant information; the ability to solve novel problems and learn from experience

Question 2

What is the self-enhancement bias?

Answer 2

Tendency to judge one’s performance as better than average without any evidence of special expertise or training

Question 3

What is practical wisdom?

Answer 3

Application of knowledge and reasoning

Question 4

What is theoretical wisdom?

Answer 4

Understanding objective truth; science

Question 5

What are the 7 primary mental abilities?

Answer 5

Space, verbal comprehension, word fluency, number facility, perceptual speed, role memory, reasoning

Question 6

What is the factor analysis in the nature of intelligence?

Answer 6

A statistical technique used to reduce a large number of measures to a smaller number of clusters or factors

Question 7

What is the Flynn effect and what are the 3 factors of this effect?

Answer 7

Intelligence quotients seem to increase over time most likely due to a combination of factors:
1) Overall improvement in nutrition and medical care
2) Improvements in Edmonton
3) Increased environmental complexity via technology

Question 8

What is the data-based approach in middle-level abilities?

Answer 8

Connect intelligence test scores to clusters

Question 9

What is the theory-based approach to middle-level abilities?

Answer 9

Look at human abilities that we think relate to aspects of intelligence; figure out which intelligence tests measure those abilities or design new ones that can if they don’t exist

Question 10

What is analytic intelligence?

Answer 10

Ability to problem-solve

Question 11

What is creative intelligence?

Answer 11

Ability to generate novel solutions using existing skills and information

Question 12

What is practical intelligence?

Answer 12

Ability to adapt to everyday changes

Question 13

What is crystallized intelligence?

Answer 13

Applying previously learned knowledge to current problems

Question 14

What is fluid intelligence?

Answer 14

Deals with novel situations without any previous knowledge

Question 15

What is Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences?

Answer 15

A philosophically oriented ability to ponder about the meanings of one’s existence, life and death

Question 16

What are the 8 relatively independent intelligences?

Answer 16

Linguistic, Logical-Mathematical, Visuospatial, Musical, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, and Naturalistic

Question 17

What are the 5 abilities that define emotional intelligence?

Answer 17

1) Read others’ emotions accurately
2) To respond to them appropriately
3) To motivate oneself
4) To be aware of one’s new emotions
5) To regulate and control one’s emotional responses

Question 18

What are the psychometric standards and tests?

Answer 18

Methods for measuring individual differences related to some psychological concept; Achievement tests are designed to discover how much someone knows; Aptitude tests are designed to measure potential for future learning and performance

Question 19

What does the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) entail?

Answer 19

Includes specific tasks to measure each branch - perceiving emotions is measured by people’s accuracy in judging emotional expressions in facial photographs and the emotional tones conveyed by different designs

Question 20

Non-Genetic Component: What is the difference between a shared environment and a non-shared environment?

Answer 20

In a shared environment, those environmental factors that all relevant members of a household experience. In a non-shared environment, those environmental factors that all relevant members of a household do not experience

Question 21

Heredity: What is predisposed in natural selection?

Answer 21

Those whose genes endow them with more adaptive traits are more likely to survive and produce

Question 22

Heredity: What is predisposed to heritability?

Answer 22

A percentage of the variation in a characteristic attributed to genetic factors

Question 23

What did females test better on in cognitive abilities?

Answer 23

Verbal fluency, perceptual speed, mathematical calculation, and fine motor connection

Question 24

What did males test better on in cognitive abilities?

Answer 24

Spatial tasks, throwing and catching objects, and mathematical reasoning