Intelligence and Language Development Flashcards

1
Q

The Flynn Effect (2)

A
  • widespread increases in IQ over time
  • increased 3 points per decade over last hundred years/total increase of 30IQ points, but average remains around 100 due to revisions to accommodate new complexities of world
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cause of Flynn Effect (2)

A
  • increase in fluid IQ due to more access to education (graduation from high school)
  • experience of more challenging socio-environmental issues (technology)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Group and Contextual Differences in IQ: Low SES (2)

A
  • accounts for many ethnic differences in IQ as ethnic minorities are commonly living in low SES conditions
  • differences based on SES are not inborn: infants in low SES environments do not show any differences on measurements that can predict intelligence compared to high SES infants; differences come from growing up
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does Low SES Contribute to Lower IQ?

A
  • contribute to IQ through differences: culture, poor nutrition, poor living conditions, poor school resources, less intellectual stimulation, and poor life circumstances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Habituation

A
  • one way we can measure and predict intelligence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Five Basic Components Underlying Language: Phenology (2)

A
  • knowledge of sounds used in a given language

- learning how to detect, discriminate, and produce speech sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Five Basic Components Underlying Language: Morphology (3)

A
  • understanding ways sounds can be combined to form words
  • sticking consonant and vowel sounds together (“d- + a = da”)
  • infants learn that sounds can be combined in meaningful ways
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Five Basic Components Underlying Language: Semantics (2)

A
  • meaning or context of words and sentences

- growing vocabulary signals increase semantic knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Five Basic Components Underlying Language: Syntax

A
  • knowledge of structure of sentences

- rules by which words are to be combined to form sentences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Five Basic Components Underlying Language: Pragmatics

A
  • understanding how to use language to communicate effectively
  • asking questions, communicating with adults and children
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Contextual Differences on Language Development: Poverty (5)

A
  • less developed language skills
  • less exposure to speech
  • lower quality parent-child interactions
  • increased household instability and disorder
  • gets worse as children get older: word gap between children of high and low SES increases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Poverty: Less Developed Language Skills

A
  • fewer words, smaller variety of words, produce shorter utterances/sentences, less developed syntax (tense and plurals)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Poverty: Less Exposure to Speech

A
  • less language going on at home in general
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Poverty: Lower Quality Parent-Child Interaction

A
  • less conversations, parents talk to child less, more simplistic speech, verbal directives ( talking at them, commands) vs interaction/conversations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Poverty: Increased Household Instability

A
  • change residences more often, caregivers come and go, cohabitation breakup, divorce
  • lead to overstimulation and withdrawal from interactions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly