Intelligence

Question 1

Intelligence Test

Answer 1

Series of questions / exercises which attempt to assess ppl’s mental abilities in a way that generates a numerical score

Question 2

Intelligence

Answer 2

“Whatever intelligence tests measure”

The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

Question 3

Charles Spearman on General Intelligence, g

Answer 3

Charles Spearman performed a factor analysis of diff skills and found that ppl who did well in one area also did well in another; he speculated that these ppl had a high g

Question 4

Factor Analysis

Answer 4

A statistical technique that determines how diff variables relate to each other
eg. whether they form clusters that tend to vary together

Question 5

Louis Thurstone’s Seven Clusters of Abilities

Answer 5

Louis Thurstone concluded from results of 56 skill tests that there are 7 clusters that measure intelligence:

1. Verbal Intelligence
2. Inductive Reasoning
3. Word Fluency
4. Spatial Ability
5. Memory
6. Perceptual Speed
7. Numerical Ability

Question 6

Savant Syndrome

Answer 6

Having isolated “islands” of high ability amidst a sea of below-average cognitive / social functioning

Question 7

Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences

Answer 7

Howard Gardner believed there were 8 diff intelligences that often correlate w/ each other:

1. Linguistic
2. Logical-Mathematical
3. Musical
4. Spatial
5. Bodily-Kinesthetic
6. Intrapersonal
7. Interpersonal
8. Naturalist

Question 8

Correlation Between Intelligence and Success

Answer 8

Wealth tends to correlate w/ high intelligence tests scores
Ppl who have admitted focused daily effort / practice, connections, and hard work often achieve success-level expertise
Ppl w/ high emo intel are often successful b/c they can delay short-term gratification and read social cues easily

Question 9

Robert Sternberg’s Intelligence Triarchy

Answer 9

Robert Sternberg proposed that intelligence is measured under 3 umbrellas:

1. Analytical Intelligence
2. Practical Intelligence
3. Creative Intelligence

Question 10

Creativity

Answer 10

The ability to produce ideas that are novel and valuable

Includes convergent and divergent thinking

Question 11

Convergent Thinking

Answer 11

A left-brain activity involving zeroing in on a single correct answer

Question 12

Divergent Thinking

Answer 12

The ability to generate new ideas, new actions, and multiple options / answers

Question 13

Robert Steinberg’s Five Components of Creativity

Answer 13

Creative Environment
Venturesome Personality
Intrinsic Motivation
Expertise
Imaginative Thinking

Question 14

Four Strategies to Boost Creativity

Answer 14

1. Pursue an interest until mastery
2. Allow for incubation (brain marination) of ideas / concepts
3. Allow for mental wandering / aimless daydreaming
4. Improve mental flexibility by experiencing other cultures / ways of thinking

Question 15

Social Intelligence

Answer 15

The ability to understand / navigate social situations

Question 16

Emotional Intelligence

Answer 16

Involves processing and managing the emotional component of those social situations, including one’s own emotions

Question 17

Components of Emotional Intelligence

Answer 17

1. Perceiving emotions
2. Understanding emotions
3. Managing emotions
4. Using emotions

Question 18

Anatomical Implications of “Genius”

Answer 18

Larger brain size, esp. parietal lobe
High activity in frontal / parietal lobe
Extra gray matter (brain cell bodies)
Extra white matter (axons)
Eg. high intelligence correlates w/ high memory retrieval spd and sensory / perceptual info processing spd