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Psych 10 > Freudian Psychology > Flashcards

Freudian Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality

A

An individual’s characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors persisting over time and across situations
Develops from the efforts of our ego to resolve tension btwn our id and superego

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2
Q

Psychodynamic View on Personality

A

Behavior, as well as human emotions / personality, develop in a dynamic interplay btwn un/conscious processes, including various motives / inner conflicts

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3
Q

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

A

Grew up in a poor, Victorian household
Intelligent, brilliant; knew many languages
Identified that many powerful mental processes operate in the unconscious
Founded psychoanalyses

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4
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

Founded by Freud
Method of discovering and pursuing human personality / development
Includes free association, identification of freudian slips

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5
Q

Free Association

A

Technique used in psychoanalyses
Encouragement of the patient to speak his mind so that the therapist can verbally flow / lead a flow of thoughts into the past / unconscious

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6
Q

Freud’s Personality / Mind Iceberg

A

Id: largely makes up the submerged body / entire iceberg
Ego: constitutes most of the visible tip
Superego: constitutes some of the visible tip and some of the submerged body
Personality development follows this order

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7
Q

Ego

A

Operates on the reality principle

Seeks to gratify the id’s impulses in realistic ways that bring long-term pleasure

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8
Q

Superego

A

Operates on the morality principle

Our conscience that forces the ego to consider the ideal, producing pride / guilt; focuses on how we should behave

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9
Q

Id

A

Operates on the pleasure principle
Unconscious psychic energy that constantly strives to satisfy basic drives (hunger / sex); seeks intimate gratification based on needs of the erogenous zones

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10
Q

Freud’s Unconscious

A

A reservoir of thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories that are hidden from awareness b/c they feel unacceptable

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11
Q

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages

A 
(0-18mon) Oral: sucking, biting, chewing
(18-36mon) Anal: bowel / bladder elimination, copes w/ demands for control
(3-6yr) Phallic: genitalia, incest
(6-pub) Latency: dormant sexual feelings
(pub+) Genital: SEX
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12
Q

Freud on the Oedipus Complex

A

Freud believed that boys in their phallic stages develop unconscious sexual feelings for their mother / rivalry towards their father; the resolution is that boys identify w/ their fathers

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13
Q

Regression

A

Freudian defense against anxiety
Retreating to a more infantile psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains fixated
eg. oral comfort of thumb sucking

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14
Q

Reaction Formation

A

Freudian defense against anxiety
Switching unacceptable impulses into their opposites
eg. displaying exaggerated friendliness to repress anger

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15
Q

Projection

A

Freudian defense against anxiety
Disguising one’s own threatening impulses by attributing them to others
eg. thief thinks everybody else is a thief

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16
Q

Rationalization

A

Freudian defense against anxiety
Offering self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening unconscious reasons for one’s actions
eg. habitual drinker assuring herself that she drinks to be sociable

17
Q

Displacement

A

Freudian defense against anxiety
Shifting sexual / aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable / less threatening object or person
eg. Girl kicks dog b/c she is upset from mother

18
Q

Denial

A

Freudian defense against anxiety
Refusing to believe or even perceive painful realities
eg. partner denies his beloved’s affair

19
Q

Neo-Freudian, Psychodynamic Theorists’ Agreements w/ Freudian Psychology

A

Figureheads: Alfred Adler, Karen Horney, Carl Jung
Similar in:
- ideas about important of unconscious and development
- id / ego / superego structure
- role of defense mechanism against anxiety

20
Q

Neo-Freudian, Psychodynamic Theorists’ Disagreements w/ Freudian Psychology

A

Figureheads: Alfred Adler, Karen Horney, Carl Jung
Differed in:
- belief that anxiety / personality are a function of social, not sexual, tensions in childhood (Adler, Horney)
- belief that we have a collective unconscious; containing similar images across the human race and not just personal ones (Jung)

21
Q

Projective Tests

A

Structured, systematic exposure to a standardized set of ambiguous prompts, designed to reveal inner dynamics
Problem: results don’t link well to traits and diff raters get diff results
eg. Rorschach tests (inkblot test)

22
Q

Updates on Freud’s Original Ideas

A
  • development is lifelong
  • infant neural networks do not create lifelong traumas
  • peers have more influence on personality than do parents
  • dreams / slips have many possible origins
  • traumatic memories are usually intensely remembered, not repressed
  • suppressed sexuality does not cause psychological disorders
  • sexual id is more a function of genetics than Oedipus / Electra complex
23
Q

Unfalsifiability Theories in Freud’s Scientific Methods

A

Freud developed theories that are hard to dis/prove

eg. how can we test the presence of an id?

24
Q

Unrepresentative Sampling in Freud’s Scientific Methods

A

Freud did not build his theories on a broad sample of observations; he described all of humanity based on ppl w/ unusual psychological problems

25
Q

Biased Observations in Freud’s Scientific Methods

A

Freud based theories on his patients, which may give him an incentive to see them as unwell before his treatment

26
Q

Post Facto Explanations (Hindsight Bias) in Freud’s Scientific Methods

A

Freud did not make predictions about someone’s psyche; he made ultimatum conclusions based on results
eg. if you don’t / express anxiety, you’re repressing / fixating

27
Q

Modern Implications of Unconscious

A

Unconscious processes operate b/c they are automatic, not repressed

  • implicit memories operate unconsciously
  • right hemisphere makes choices the left doesn’t verbalize
  • priming affects our choices

Psych 10 (17 decks)

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