Intelligence

Question 1

What is intelligence?

Answer 1

The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

Question 2

What is the ‘g-factor’ or ‘g’?

Answer 2

General Intelligence - 1923

Question 3

What did Charles Spearman theorise?

Answer 3

G-factor - all mental performance could be conceptualized in terms of a single ability factor.

Question 4

What are the 7 psychometric mental abilities, according to Louis Thurstone?

Answer 4

Numerical
Reasoning
Verbal Fluency
Spatial Visualisation
Perceptual Ability
Memory
Verbal comprehension

Question 5

What are Yarmond Cattell’s two types of intelligence?

Answer 5

Fluid Intelligence (gf)
Crystallised Intelligence (gc)

Question 6

Why were IQ tests first developed?

Answer 6

The french needed a way to see which school children needed extra assistance.

Question 7

When did Binet and Simon develop the first IQ test?

Answer 7

1904.

Question 8

When was the IQ test brought to the US, and by who?

Answer 8

1910, by Henry Goddard.

Question 9

When was the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale developed?

Answer 9

1916.

Question 10

Which sub-test is no longer measured?

Answer 10

Creativity.

Question 11

What does WAIS-IV stand for?

Answer 11

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - 4th Edition

Question 12

What does WISC-IV stand for?

Answer 12

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - 4th Edition

Question 13

How many sub-tests are there in the WAIS?

Answer 13

15 - only 10 are compulsory.

Question 14

What does an aptitude test measure?

Answer 14

Potential to learn and perform well in the future. Verbal and quantitative tests.

Question 15

What does an achievement test measure?

Answer 15

Specific to things already learnt; often used as classroom tests; reading level and ability.

Question 16

What criteria should a useless intelligence test follow?

Answer 16

Reliability
Validity

Question 17

What other factors influence performance?

Answer 17

Emotional arousal
Test anxiety
Physiological factors
Motivation
Self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 18

What are the characteristics of an intellectual disability?

Answer 18

Perform certain mental operations slowly
Have a smaller knowledge base
Do not remember to use certain mental strategies even if they know how to.

Question 19

How many categories are there for intellectual disabilities?

Answer 19

4 - mild, moderate, severe, profound.

Question 20

What are the types of intellectual disabilities?

Answer 20

Dyslexia
Dysgraphia
Dysphasia
Dyscalculia

Question 21

What does IQ stand for?

Answer 21

Intelligence Quotent

Question 22

What is Eugenics?

Answer 22

The idea that children with lower IQ’s are genetically inferior.

Question 23

When were the Wechsler tests developed?

Answer 23

WAIS - 1939
WISC - 1955
WPPSI - 1967

Question 24

What is psychometrics?

Answer 24

The statistical study of psychological tests. Tries to provide a measurement - based map of the mind.

Question 25

What is factor-analysis?

Answer 25

Reduces a large number of measures to a smaller number of clusters, or factors, with each cluster containing variables that correlate highly with one another but less highly with variables of a different cluster.

Question 26

Psychometric approach

Answer 26

Attempts to map the structure pf intellect and to discover the kinds of mental competencies that underlie test performance.

Question 27

Cognitive process approach

Answer 27

Studies the specific thought process that underlie the mental competencies or psychometric approach.