Intellectual disability

Question 1

intellectual disability =

Answer 1

IQ < 55
2.27%

Question 2

mild intellectual disability =

Answer 2

IQ > 55 < 70
2.14%

Question 3

mild-to-borderline intellectual disability (MBID/BIF) =

Answer 3

IQ > 70 < 85 & limited adaptive function functioning
13.59%

Question 4

limited adaptive functioning=

Answer 4

Deficits in adaptive functioning that result in failure to meet developmental and sociocultural standards for personal independence and social responsibility.

Without ongoing support, the adaptive deficits limit functioning in one or more activities of daily life, such as communication, social participation, and independent living.

Question 5

borderline intellectual functioning =

Answer 5

IQ > 70-75
(so, technically not mild intellectual disability but low normal functioning and low adaptive functioning)

Question 6

adaptive functioning domains according to the DSM

Answer 6

• conceptual domain
• social domain
• practical domain

Question 7

percentages van intellectual disabilities en violence

Answer 7

• 30% in english prisons has a lower IQ than 80
• 40% in juvenile insititutes in NL have < 70
• 35% of TBS population has an IQ < 90
• 63% of nonviolent sexual offences
• 30-50% of all youth involved in courts are MBID
• 75% of the harde kern top 600 has MBID

Question 8

consequences of MBID

Answer 8

risk for:
- chronic educational failure
- repetition of grades
- dropout
- absence

Question 9

what is MBID often mistaken for

Answer 9

lack of motivation: they try to hide the fact that they don’t understand, and then they get extra work. this is even more overwhelming, they dont get time to play and relax, and this continues in that cycle.

Question 10

…. is one of the best predictors of delinquency

Answer 10

suspension

(school to prison pipeline)

Question 11

ppl with borderline intellectual functioning have increased risks for educational, mental health and societal problems

Answer 11

oke

Question 12

Several studies show increased risk for the development of almost all psychiatric disorders in childhood as well as in adulthood, including substance misuse and personality disorders.,

Answer 12

oke

Question 13

psychiatric comorbidity is thought to occur …. times more often in the MBID vs non-MBID population

Answer 13

3-4

Question 14

SCIL: more than … of clients in health care presumably has an IQ of < 85

Answer 14

50%

Question 15

… % of individuals in a forensic addiction treatment center were identified with MBID

Answer 15

40

Question 16

…% of MBID has problematic attachment

Answer 16

70%

(40% in non-MBID)

Question 17

hoe is de relatie tussen MBID en adverse childhood events ACE’s

Answer 17

Reichman and colleagues showed that having a disabling health condition, among which intellectual disability, was associated with 83% higher odds of the child experiencing 2 or more ACEs, and 73% higher odds of experiencing 3 or more ACE’s at age 5

Question 18

hoeveel mensen in NL hebben MBID

Answer 18

3 miljoen, ongeveer 14% van de populatie

Question 19

2 dingen die lastig te leren zijn voor MBID

Answer 19

• moral judgement
• danger assessment

Question 20

often distrust instances that want to help them because….

Answer 20

they dont understand

Question 21

vaak presenteren MBID zich met andere problemen:

Answer 21

• depressie
• moe
• slaapproblemen
• lastig concentreren
• boosheid (soms mistaken for conduct disorder)

Question 22

two mechanisms underlying MBID

Answer 22

• executive functioning
• social adaptive functioning

Question 23

executive functioning bestaat uit:

Answer 23

• working memory
• inhibition
• processing speed
• attention

Question 24

attention bestaat uit

Answer 24

• sustained attention
• devided attention
• focused attention
• selective attention

Question 25

hoe meet je selective attention

Answer 25

eriksen flanker test

point into the direction of the arrow in the middle

(incongruent arrows are more difficult as compared to congruent arrows, small arrows are more difficult than big arrows, when distances are larger this is more difficult)

Question 26

hoe meet je focused attention

Answer 26

stroop test

Question 27

MBID bij stroop

Answer 27

langere reactietijd

Question 28

hoe meet je divided attention

Answer 28

maak een trail door alle nummers heen

Question 29

sustained attention voorbeeld task

Answer 29

marshmellow task

maar niet perse sustained attention, they may just not understand the task

Question 30

hoe test je planning ability

Answer 30

tower of london task

The examiner (usually a clinical psychologist or a neuropsychologist) presents the examinee with problem-solving tasks: one board shows the goal arrangement of beads, and the other board is given to the examinee with the beads in a different configuration. By moving beads from one peg to another, the examinee must alter the second board to match the first - a task that requires a degree of thinking ahead

Question 31

wat heb je nodig om de tower of london task te vervullen

Answer 31

your working memory needs to design a plan, to keep it in mind and to stick to the rules.
the more space we need to plan, the less space remains for inhibition (adhering to the rules) and the other way around. the smaller the working memory, the sooner it is filled up.

Question 32

self-regulation=

Answer 32

the ability to flexibly activate, monitor, inhibit, persevere and/or adapt one’s behaviour, attention, emotions and cognitive strategies in response to direction from internal cues, environmental stimuli and feedback from others, in an attempt to attain personal goals.

Question 33

MBID and self-regulation

Answer 33

minder self-regulation

Question 34

in addition to planning and inhibition we also need…

Answer 34

to be able to handle stress.
stress eats the working memory