Intellectual developments, including humanist and religious thought

Question 1

What did the reign of Queen Mary show little influence from?

Answer 1

humanism

Question 2

What was humanism?

Answer 2

a rationalist outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters.

Question 3

Why was there no progression in evangelical humanism?

Answer 3

as this was linked to religious reform

Question 4

What did the Catholic Church seem to consciously wish to disassociate itself from?

Answer 4

humanism

Question 5

What did Pope Paul IV regard the greatest of all Catholic humanist scholars Erasmus as?

Answer 5

a heretic

Question 6

Who named Erasmus, the greatest Catholic humanist scholar, a heretic?

Answer 6

Pope Paul IV

Question 7

What was the Index Librorum Prohibitorum’, (Index of prohibited books) which is where the work of Erasmus was placed?

Answer 7

this was a list of titles the papacy forbade Catholics from reading

Question 8

What was the official religious thought in Marian England designed to do?

Answer 8

to design a more practical level to assist the process of Catholic reform at a parish level

Question 9

Who published ‘A profitable and Necessary Doctrine’ which explained the faith at a straightforward level and a book of homilies to replace that which had been published by the Edwardian Church?

Answer 9

Bishop Of London

Question 10

The Bishop of London created a new book of homilies, what did this do?

Answer 10

this replaced that which had been published by the Edwardian Curch.

Question 11

Why did the Bishop of London publish the ‘A Profitable and Necessary Doctrine’?

Answer 11

in order to explain the faith at a straightforward level

Question 12

What was Pole keen to stress, which had not been an especially strong feature of the pre-Reformatin Catholicism?

Answer 12

the importance of the papal supremacy

Question 13

Why were the Protestants divided?

Answer 13

as they were divided between those who were happy to use the 1552 Book of Common Prayer and those who wanted to move to a more radical direction

Question 14

What did John Foxe do in his evil in Frankfurt and then in Basle?

Answer 14

he spent time collecting material which would eventually be used in his ‘Book of Martyrs’

Question 15

Which book enjoyed official approval in Elizabeth’s reign?

Answer 15

John Foxe’s ‘Book of Martyrs’

Question 16

What was contradictory about the way Mary ruled as a Catholic?

Answer 16

she continued to act as ruler of a Church which she yet believed to be ruled solely by the papacy

Question 17

What level of the church was recovered under Mary?

Answer 17

Parish level

Question 18

While under Mary clerical recruitment increased after 25 years of decline, what had not improved very much?

Answer 18

career prospects

Question 19

What was declined in Edward VI’s administration which boomed under Mary?

Answer 19

Ordinations

Question 20

Why were Mary and Pole unable to inspire a true rebuilding?

Answer 20

as they lacked calibre (quality of character) or the spirit needed

Question 21

In how many months was Pole marred by his quarrel with Pope Paul IV?

Answer 21

18 months