Integumentary System Functions

Question 1

functions

Answer 1

• regulate body temperature
• storage of lipids and blood
• detects cutaneous sensations
• protect body from external environment
• synthesis of vitamin D3
• excretes and absorbs substances

Question 2

regulates body temperature

Answer 2

• insulation by lipids in hypodermis
• evaporative cooling with sweat
• vasodilation of dermal arterioles
• vasoconstriction of dermal arterioles
• piloerection hairs trap air close to skin

Question 3

storage of lipids

Answer 3

• adipocytes in dermis
• adipose layer of hypodermis
• energy reserves and insulation

Question 4

storage of blood

Answer 4

extensive capillary networks in dermis and hypodermis

Question 5

detects cutaneous senstations

Answer 5

• thermoreceptors
• mechanoreceptors
• nociceptors

Question 6

protects body from impact damage, abrasion and chemicals

Answer 6

multiple layers of dead, tightly joined, water-proofed, keratinised cells

Question 7

protects body from large fluid loss or intake

Answer 7

lipid lamellar granules produced by keratinocytes which are tightly joined and multi-layered

Question 8

protects body from UV damage to nuclear DNA

Answer 8

melanin produced by melanocytes and spread to nearby cells

Question 9

synthesis of vitamin D3

Answer 9

UV light activated to calcitriol by liver enzymes for multiple body functions

Question 10

excretion of salts and water

Answer 10

sweat glands for cooling and reduction of microbe colonisation

Question 11

excretion of oils

Answer 11

excreted by sebaceous glands for skin and lubrication

Question 12

absorption of lipid-soluble molecules

Answer 12

across the skin into blood capillaries