Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOL 126 > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

hypothalamus

A

productions of ADH, oxytocin, and regulatory hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pituitary gland - anterior lobes

A

ACTRH, TSH, GH, PRL, FSH, LH and MSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

pituitary gland - posterior lobe

A

release of oxytocin and ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

thyroid gland

A
  • thyroxine
  • triiodothyronine
  • calcitonin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

adrenal glands - medulla

A
  • epinephrine
  • norepinephrine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

adrenal glands - cortex

A

cortisol, corticosterone, aldosterone, androgens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pancreas

A
  • insulin
  • glucagon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

pineal gland

A

melatonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

parathyroid gland

A

parathryoid hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

organs with secondary endocrine functions

A
  • heart
  • thymus
  • adipose tissue
  • digestive tract
  • kidneys
  • gonads
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

functions - detail

A
  • regulates growth
  • controls reproduction
  • regulates sleep
  • allows body to cope with stress, trauma and infection
  • regulates circulation and red blood cell production
  • controls digestion and absorption of food
  • regulates metabolism, water and electrolyte balance
  • homeostasis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

functions - general

A

regulates growth and activity of target cells in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

glucagon

A
  • produced in pancreas
  • raises blood sugar levels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

insulin

A
  • produced in pancreas
  • lowers blood sugar levels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

prolactin

A
  • produced in the anterior pituitary
  • milk production
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

oxytocin

A
  • produced in the hypothalamus
  • released by the posterior pituitary
  • smooth muscle contraction in uterus and breast ducts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

parathyroid hormone

A
  • produced in parathyroid gland
  • raises blood Ca levels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

growth hormone

A
  • produced in the anterior pituitary
  • cell growth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

calcitonin

A
  • produced in the thyroid gland
  • lowers blood Ca levels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

thyroid hormones

A
  • produced in the thyroid gland
  • metabolism
21
Q

thyrotropin-releasing hormone

A
  • produced in the hypothalamus
  • stimulates TSH production
22
Q

thyroid-stimulating hormone

A
  • produced in the anterior pituitary
  • stimulates the thyroid gland
23
Q

thyroid hormone functions

A
  • increase basal metabolic rate
  • increased heat production
  • stimulate protein synthesis
  • stimulate usage of fuels
  • enhanced sympathetic activity
  • essential for normal growth and development
24
Q

release of growth hormone

A
  • hypothalamus releases GnRH
  • GnHR stimulates anterior pituitary
25
Q

growth hormone effects

A
  • glucose-sparing effect
  • growth effect
  • diabetogenic effect
26
Q

glucose sparing effect

A

stimulates adipose cells to break down stored fat, fueling growth effects

27
Q

growth effects

A
  • increases uptake of amino acids from blood
  • enhances cellular proliferation
  • reduces apoptosis
28
Q

growth effects targets

A
  • bone cells
  • muscle cells
  • nervous
29
Q

diabetogenic effect

A

GH stimulates liver to break down glycogen into glucose, fueling growth effects

30
Q

hypoglycaemia

A

lower than normal blood glucose levels

31
Q

glycogenolysis

A

breaking down glycogen to liberate glucose molecules

32
Q

glycogen

A

the storage form of glucose

33
Q

hyperglycaemia

A

higher than normal blood glucose levels

34
Q

glucagon

A

hormone that acts to increase blood glucose levels

35
Q

gluconeogenesis

A

making new glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors

36
Q

insulin

A

hormone that acts to decrease blood glucose levels

37
Q

alpha cells

A

pancreatic islet cells that produce glucagon

38
Q

beta cells

A

pancreatic islet cells that produce insulin

39
Q

glucose

A

a simple sugar, the preferred energy source for most cells

40
Q

calcitriol

A

active form of vitamin D, stimulates calcium absorption in digestive tract

41
Q

osteoblasts

A

a cell that produces the fibres and matrix of bone

42
Q

hypercalcaemia

A

higher than normal blood calcium levels

43
Q

absorption

A

the process of taking substances into the bloodstream

44
Q

osteoclasts

A

a cell that dissolves the fibres and matrix of bone

45
Q

hypocalcaemia

A

lower than normal blood calcium levels

46
Q

parathyroid hormone

A

acts to increase blood calcium levels

47
Q

reabsorption

A

being absorbed again

48
Q

excretion

A

the removal of wastes from the blood, tissues of organs

49
Q

calcitonin

A

acts to decrease blood calcium levels

BIOL 126 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions