Integumentary System Accessory Structures Flashcards
1
Q
hair
A
- non-living (keratin + cuticle)
- around 2.5 million hairs on most of body
- 25% of hair on head
2
Q
hair growth
A
from hair follicles in epidermis down into dermis and extends above skin surface
3
Q
hair functions
A
- protect from UV damage
- help cushion light impact
- reduce insect and pathogen entry
- important as sensory receptors
4
Q
follicle
A
surrounded by connective tissue then sensory neuron
5
Q
nails
A
keratinised epidermal cells forming a clear, solid covering over the distal ends of digits
6
Q
nail growth
A
nail body grows from nail root and extends over nail bed
7
Q
nail functions
A
- protects exposed tips of digits
- helps digit withstand distortion
- allows manipulation and grip of small objects
- allows scratching and grooming of the body
8
Q
sweat glands
A
- apocrine
- merocrine
9
Q
apocrine sweat glands
A
- pubic & axillary regions, around nipples
- activated at puberty
- secrete sweat into hair follicles
- odour since bacteria use it for nutrition
10
Q
merocrine sweat glands
A
- secrete onto skin surface
- more numerous and widely distributed
- palms and soles have highest numbers
11
Q
merocrine sweat composition
A
water, electrolytes, organic compounds, and an antibiotic peptide that works in high salt conditions
12
Q
merocrine sweat gland functions
A
- cools skin surface
- excrete water, electrolytes, etc
- dilutes harmful chemicals on skin
- discourages microbrial growth
13
Q
sebaceous glands
A
- oil glands
- sebum
- inhibits bacterial growth
- lubricates and protects keratin of hair
14
Q
oil glands
A
discharge oily, lipid secretion (sebum) into hair follicles and onto skin
15
Q
sebum
A
comprised from triglycerides, cholesterol, proteins, electrolytes
