Integumentary System

Question 1

Skin is Made up of two major tissue layers:

Answer 1

• Epidermis
• Dermis

Question 2

• Composed of stratified squamous epithelium
• New cells are produced by mitosis
• Prevents water loss and resist abrasion
• The outermost cells protect the cells underneath, and the deeper, replicating cells replace cells lost from the surface

Answer 2

Epidermis

Question 3

Layers of Epidermis

Answer 3

• Stratum basale
• Stratum spinosum
• Stratum granulosum
• Stratum lucidum
• Stratum corneum

Question 4

Consists of cuboidal or columnar cells

Answer 4

Stratum basale

Question 5

Composed of flattened cells

Answer 5

Stratum spinosum

Question 6

Composed of flat and diamond-shaped cells

Answer 6

Stratum granulosum

Question 7

Cells have no nuclei or organelles

Answer 7

Stratum lucidum

Question 8

• Most superficial stratum of the epidermis
• The cells are coated and surrounded by lipids

Answer 8

Stratum corneum

Question 9

Composed of dense collagenous connective tissue

Answer 9

Dermis

Question 10

• Pigments in the skin
• Blood circulating through the skin
• Thickness of the stratum corneum

Answer 10

Skin Color

Question 11

Factors affecting melanin production

Answer 11

• Genetic factors
• Exposure to light
• Hormones

Question 12

• the most common type of cancer
• mostly develop on the face, neck, or hands

Answer 12

Skin cancer

Question 13

3 main types of Skin Cancer

Answer 13

1. Basal Cell Carcinoma
2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
3. Malignant Melanoma

Question 14

• Hypodermis
• Loose connective tissue, including adipose tissue
• Attaches the skin to underlying bone and muscle

Answer 14

Subcutaneous Tissue

Question 15

Accessory Skin Structures

Answer 15

• Hair
• Glands
• Nails

Question 16

• Found everywhere on the skin
• Arises from a hair follicle

Answer 16

Hair

Question 17

• Surrounds medulla
• Covered by cuticle

Answer 17

Cortex

Question 18

• Smooth muscle cells
• Contraction causes the hair to become more perpendicular to the skin’s surface

Answer 18

Arrector pili

Question 19

• Inflammation of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands
• Overproduction of epidermal cells in the hair follicle

Answer 19

Acne

Question 20

Four factors responsible for acne

Answer 20

• Hormones
• Sebum
• Abnormal production of cells
• Bacterium Propionibacterium acnes (P. ancnes)

Question 21

Types of Glands

Answer 21

• Sebaceous Glands
• Sweat Glands

Question 22

This sweat gland:
- is simple, coiled, tubular glands
- is the most numerous in the palms and soles

Answer 22

Eccrine

Question 23

This sweat gland:
- is simple, coiled, tubular glands
- produces a thick secretion rich in organic substances

Answer 23

Apocrine

Question 24

Consist of layers of dead stratum corneum cells that contain a very hard type of keratin

Answer 24

Nails

Question 25

Functions of Integumentary System

Answer 25

• Sensation
• Vitamin D Production
• Temperature Regulation
• Excretion

Question 26

Effects of aging

Answer 26

• Skin is more easily damaged
• Skin infections are more likely
• Skin sag and wrinkle
• Reduced ability to regulate body temperature
• Skin becomes drier
• Number of melanocytes decreases - Gray/white hair