Integumentary system

Question 1

What are the two main layers of the skin

Answer 1

Epidermis
Dermis

Question 2

What layer of the skin houses nerve endings and blood vessels

Answer 2

Dermis

Question 3

What cells ingest, invade to activate immune defence of the body

Answer 3

Dendritic cells

Question 4

What are Merkel cells

Answer 4

Sensory cells (light, touch and Texture)

Question 5

What do keratinocytes do

Answer 5

Produce keratin which is the protective layer.

Question 6

what are the key cell types in the epidermis (4)

Answer 6

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Merkel cells
Dendritic cells

Question 7

What is the fatty layer of the skin called

Answer 7

Hypodermis

Question 8

What specialised cell in the integumentary system involved in light touch and texture sensation

Answer 8

merkel cells

Question 9

What cells contain antigen presenting cells and infect and invade foreign material

Answer 9

Dendritic cells

Question 10

What do melanocytes do
a) sensory cells
b) invade foreign material
c) secrete melanin a pigment protect Uv light

Answer 10

c

Question 11

What does keratinocytes do

Answer 11

Migrate to the surface area
produce keratin protection layer

Question 12

What are the layers of the epidermis in order from basement to the surface of the skin

Answer 12

Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum corneum

Question 13

what does the stratum corneum layer do

Answer 13

keratin and protective compounds flat squamous cells stack up on each other to create an outer defensive layer.
Millet granules provide the skin to be waterproof

Question 14

What is the process of dead cells

Answer 14

Apoptosis

Question 15

What happens to the keratinocytes in the stratum granulosum layer

Answer 15

keratinocytes start to flatten out

Question 16

What cells are located in the stratum basal layer what they do

Answer 16

Merkle cells- associate with nerve cells
Melanocytes- produce melanin transporting them to the keratinocytes
keratinocytes

Question 17

What happens in the stratum spinosum layer do

Answer 17

Contain dendritic cells that monitor the tissue on any invading organisms like bacteria and virus
The keratinocytes create a network called desmosomes that create a strong tough layer

Question 18

List 3 reason the key issues of the formation of scar tissues

Answer 18

1- fibroblasts lay down replacement of tissue which is irregular arrangements of fibres
2- hair follicles, sweat glands don’t regenerate
3- irregular fibre framework which cause a different pattern of blood vessels.

Question 19

what are the functions of skins

Answer 19

Protection
Temperature regulation
secretion

Question 20

How can the colour of skin be affected by

Answer 20

Haemoglobin
Melanin
Carotene

Question 21

What are the main structures of the dermis contain (6)

Answer 21

Collagen- tough skin
Elastic fibres
Blood vessels
Nerve ending
Sweat glands
HAir follicles

Question 22

what are the two layers of the dermis called

Answer 22

Papillary
Reticular

Question 23

What type of tissue is the papillary layer made of

Answer 23

Loose areolar connective tissue

Question 24

what type of tissue is the reticular layer

Answer 24

Dense irregular connective tissue

Question 25

Which layer the epidermis or the dermal that is very efficient at regeneration

Answer 25

Epidermis

Question 26

2 Examples where thick skin is located

Answer 26

Palms and soles

Question 27

3 Examples where thin skin is located

Answer 27

Hair follicles
Sweat glands
Sebaceous glands

Question 28

what does the deal papule do

Answer 28

Increase surface area provide nutrients for the epidermis

Question 29

what happens in the stratum basale layer

Answer 29

continuous mitosis