Integumentary system Flashcards
What are the two main layers of the skin
Epidermis
Dermis
What layer of the skin houses nerve endings and blood vessels
Dermis
What cells ingest, invade to activate immune defence of the body
Dendritic cells
What are Merkel cells
Sensory cells (light, touch and Texture)
What do keratinocytes do
Produce keratin which is the protective layer.
what are the key cell types in the epidermis (4)
Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Merkel cells
Dendritic cells
What is the fatty layer of the skin called
Hypodermis
What specialised cell in the integumentary system involved in light touch and texture sensation
merkel cells
What cells contain antigen presenting cells and infect and invade foreign material
Dendritic cells
What do melanocytes do
a) sensory cells
b) invade foreign material
c) secrete melanin a pigment protect Uv light
c
What does keratinocytes do
Migrate to the surface area
produce keratin protection layer
What are the layers of the epidermis in order from basement to the surface of the skin
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum corneum
what does the stratum corneum layer do
keratin and protective compounds flat squamous cells stack up on each other to create an outer defensive layer.
Millet granules provide the skin to be waterproof
What is the process of dead cells
Apoptosis
What happens to the keratinocytes in the stratum granulosum layer
keratinocytes start to flatten out
What cells are located in the stratum basal layer what they do
Merkle cells- associate with nerve cells
Melanocytes- produce melanin transporting them to the keratinocytes
keratinocytes
What happens in the stratum spinosum layer do
Contain dendritic cells that monitor the tissue on any invading organisms like bacteria and virus
The keratinocytes create a network called desmosomes that create a strong tough layer
List 3 reason the key issues of the formation of scar tissues
1- fibroblasts lay down replacement of tissue which is irregular arrangements of fibres
2- hair follicles, sweat glands don’t regenerate
3- irregular fibre framework which cause a different pattern of blood vessels.
what are the functions of skins
Protection
Temperature regulation
secretion
How can the colour of skin be affected by
Haemoglobin
Melanin
Carotene
What are the main structures of the dermis contain (6)
Collagen- tough skin
Elastic fibres
Blood vessels
Nerve ending
Sweat glands
HAir follicles
what are the two layers of the dermis called
Papillary
Reticular
What type of tissue is the papillary layer made of
Loose areolar connective tissue
what type of tissue is the reticular layer
Dense irregular connective tissue
Which layer the epidermis or the dermal that is very efficient at regeneration
Epidermis
2 Examples where thick skin is located
Palms and soles
3 Examples where thin skin is located
Hair follicles
Sweat glands
Sebaceous glands
what does the deal papule do
Increase surface area provide nutrients for the epidermis
what happens in the stratum basale layer
continuous mitosis
