Integumentary System Flashcards
Integumentary System
its function is to enclose internal body structures, site of many sensory receptors and vitamin D synthesis
What are the 4 function?
Protection, sensory function, thermoregulation, vitamin D synthesis
What are the skins three main layers?
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
What are the types of skin?
Thin and thick
Keratinocyte
a cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin.
Keratin
an intracellular fibrous protein that give hair, nails, and skin their hardness and water resistant properties
stratum basale
deepest epidermal layer
and attaches epidermis to the basal lamina
merkel cell
under the stratum basale. function as a receptor and is responsible for stimulating sensory nerves
melanocyte
also under the stratum basale. a cell that procudes the pigment melanin. give hair and skin color and protects epidermis from UV
stratum spinosum
spiny in appearence
stratum granulosum
grainy appearance
stratum lucidum
smooth. seemingly translucent
stratum corneum
most superficial layer of epidermis. layers of keratinization
layers from superficial to deep
Stratum corneum stratum lucidum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum basale
come lets get sun burnt
hair
keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis. Provides warmth and immune defense
Hair follicule
strands originate in an epidermal penetration of the dermis
hair shaft
part of the hair not anchored to the follicle and is exposed at skins surface
hair root
rest of hair that is anchored in the follicle but lies below surface of the skin
free edge
white portion of the nail that consist of dead cells and keratin
lunula
white base of a fingernail
cuticle
layer of skin located along the bottom edge of your finger or toe
nail root
root portion of the nail lies below the skin underneath the nail into the finger
eccrine sweat gland
gland that produces a hypotonic sweat for thermoregualtion
apocrine sweat glands
usually associated with hair follicles in densely hairy areas.
pores
opening in the skin which particles can pass
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
2nd most common is skin cancer and more dangerous because it can spread internally.
Caused by too much UV exposure affecting DNA. Skin cancer on the epidermis and lining of organs in the body.
Treated by being surgically removed.
Basal cell Carcinoma
a most common type of skin cancer, caused by sun exposure
symptoms are white bumps or dry scaly skin.
treat with surgery or medication
Eczema
skin condition making your skin red, itchy, and flaky. Genetic
symptoms include dry skin and itching and bumps
treatment includes no cure but prevention with avoiding harsh soaps.
acne
when the pores on your skin become blocked with oil, dead skin, or bacteria. Each pore has sebaceous filaments.
treatments cleaning the skin and applying cream or gel.
1st-degree burns
affect the epidermis and caused by sunburns or electrical burns. least serious
the symptom is peeling or swelling skin
treat with cool water and time
2nd degree
affect epidermis and dermis.
symptoms are blisters
treat with cold water
3rd-degree burn
affect epidermis and dermis, nerves are dead
4th-degree burn
go through both layers of skin and underlying tissue, muscles, and bones.
symptoms are a pain.
treated with skin grafts and coverings
stretch marks
a scar that occurs when the skin stretches or shrinks too quickly like from pregnancy or weight loss.
cream can minimize
Callus and corn
a small area of thickened skin from repetitive friction, pressure, or irritation.
symptoms of pain under the skin
treatment is soaking in soapy water
