Integumentary, Skeletal + Endocrine Flashcards
What are the two type of feedback loops, give examples
Negative feedback - homeostasis
Positive feedback - reproductive system
What are 2 structural components that protect from physical and invasion from foreign organisms?
Melanocytes - protect from harmful UV rays and the epidermis to shield from invasion
What are 4 components that regulate body temp?
Hair to trap heat, capillaries to allow blood flow to the skin, sweat gland/pore to expel sweat to cool skin when in evaporates and fat cells to maintain insulation
What 2 components allow for excretion of salts, water and oily compounds ?
Sweat glands/pores to excrete salt, sebaceous glands to excrete oil
2 structural components for the sensation of environmental stimuli, such as touch, pain, hot + cold
Nerve fibres to detect tactile corpuscle which is responsible for sensitivity to light/ touch
What are the 5 parts of a feedback loop?
Stimulus Endocrine gland/cells Hormone Target organ/ cells Response
4 parts of endocrine system
Adrenal glands
Pancreas
Ovaries
Testes
How can you determine the skin on the sole of a foot?
Thick horny layer to provide more protection. Also contains a sweat gland, tactile corpuscle, apidose tissue
How can you determine skin on armpit?
A prince gland - special type of sweat gland. Also contains sebaceous gland, pilot erector muscle, sweat gland, hair and adipose tissue
How can you determine the skin of the scalp?
Contains more hair than armpit.
Has sebaceous gland, sweat gland, pilor erector muscle, hair root, hair and adipose tissue
Why are able to sense being touched at two different points?
More than one tactile corpuscle is being activated
What does minimum distance of the to point discrimination depend on?
Density of the touch receptors on a particular part has of skin
What would be considered sensitive patches of skin? Why are they sensitive??
Fingers tips -used for touch; touch receptors
lips- same
Insensitive patches of skin?
Underneath foot, elbow
What are the 5 key functions of the mammalian skeletal system? Describe the differences in the functions of these systems.
Shape Support Moment Protection Blood cell production
Draw negative feedback loop of thyroxine (T4)
Search up
Explain how manipulating one component of a specific feedback loop will affect other components
Feedback loop components rely on each other to produce an input and output. If we were to manipulate one component of the chain, the rest of the components would be affected, for example, if we got rid of the stimulus, out endocrine would not be stimulated, so there would be no response.
Explain how a feedback loop would restore homeostasis following a disturbance
Posterior pituitary secretes anti-diuretic hormone, which then goes to target kidney, in this case, the kidneys. ADH begins reabsorption of water in the collecting duct in the nephron and regulates water balance in the body.
Name at least 3 examples of hormones - describe effects
Thyroid stimulating hormone - stimulates thyroid gland
Anti-diuretic - help regulate water balance
Growth - promotes bone lengthening
Explain structural differences between animal skeletal system by describing the differences of the functions of these systems
Humans have 3 curvatures in the spine to allow a straight, upright posture. Animals, like cats for expample, have a two curved spine a long with a tail for increased balance on four legs.
