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ANAPHY (miss nat) > INTEGUMENTARY > Flashcards

INTEGUMENTARY Flashcards

1
Q

consists of the skin and its accessory structures, including the hair, nails, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands.

A

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

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2
Q
  • the exterior covering of the body.
  • It weighs more than 6 pounds in the average adult, and covers more than
    3,000 square inches.
  • It is the largest organ of the body.
  • It is supplied with blood vessels and nerves.
A

SKIN

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3
Q

FUNCTIONS OF SKIN

A
  • provides protection.
  • It protects against invasion by bacteria and other harmful agents.
  • It protects delicate cells beneath the surface from injury.
  • It inhibits excessive loss of water and electrolytes.
  • It produces a protective pigmentation to protect the body against excessive exposure from the sun.
  • It helps produce the body’s supply of Vitamin D.
  • regulates body temperature.
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4
Q

When the body is too cold, the skin’s blood vessels ______. This allows more heat-carrying blood to circulate to the muscles and organs.

A

constrict

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5
Q

When the body is too hot, the blood vessels in the skin ____. That brings more blood to the surface for cooling by radiation. At the same time, sweat glands secrete more sweat that cools the body when it evaporates.

A

dilate

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6
Q

It contains millions of nerve endings that act as receptors for pain, heat, cold, and pressure.

A

SKIN

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7
Q

When stimulation occurs, nerve impulses are sent to the ______ of the brain.. and the brain triggers any necessary response.

A

cerebral cortex

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8
Q

two layers of skin

A

EPIDERMIS
DERMIS

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9
Q

4 Strata of Epidermis

A
  1. STRATUM CORNEUM
  2. STRATUM LUCIDUM
  3. STRATUM GRANULOSUM
  4. STRATUM GERMINATIVUM
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10
Q
  • is the outermost strata of the epidermis.
  • It is mostly dead cells, filled with a protein substance called keratin.
  • It is thicker on the soles of the feet than on the eyelids where there is less presumably
A

STRATUM CORNEUM

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11
Q
  • is a translucent layer lying directly beneath the corneum.
  • It may not even exist in thinner skin.
  • Cells in this layer are also dead or are in the process of dying.
A

stratum lucidum

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12
Q
  • is one or more layers of cells starting to die and become hard.
  • They are in the process of keratinization becoming fibrous protein similar to that in hair and nails.
A

stratum granulosum

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13
Q
  • is composed of several layers of living cells capable of cell division.
  • It is the innermost layer of the epidermis, and contains melanin
  • Damage to this layer, such as in severe burns, requires skin grafts.
A

stratum germinativum

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14
Q

beneath the epidermis and is composed of connective tissue.

A

DERMIS

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15
Q

TWO LAYERS OF DERMIS

A
  1. PAPILLARY LAYER
  2. RETICULAR LAYER
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16
Q

contains the lymphatics, nerves, nerve endings, blood vessels, sebaceous and sweat glands, elastic fibers, and hair follicles.

A

DERMIS

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17
Q

arranged into microscopic structures that form ridges. These are the finger- and footprints

A

PAPILLARY LAYER

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18
Q

beneath the papillary layer; it is a white fibrous tissue that supports the blood vessels

A

RETICULAR LAYER

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19
Q

The subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis is composed of ____ and _____. It supports, nourishes, insulates, and cushions the skin.

A

adipose and connective tissue

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20
Q
  • threadlike structure formed by a group of cells that develop within a hair follicle or socket.
  • has a shaft that is visible and a root that is embedded in the follicle.
A

HAIR

21
Q

is attached to the side of each follicle. It is stimulated by skin irritants, emotional arousal, or cold temperatures, and reacts by contracting. This causes goose flesh or goose pimples.

A

PILOMOTOR MUSCLE

22
Q

a bulb enclosing a loop of capillaries. It provides nourishment to the hair. It is one of the few living parts of the hair, and is responsible for hair growth.

A

HAIR PAPILLA

23
Q

covers the hair shaft like shingles on a roof, protecting it from the elements and chemicals, and from losing moisture.

A

CUTICLE

24
Q

provides most of the hair’s weight. It contains melanin which provides color to the hair, stores oils, provides flexibility and elasticity, and adds shape to the hair.

A

CORTEX

25
Q

is an inner hollow core that runs the length of the shaft.

A

MEDULLA

26
Q

are oil glands. They have tiny ducts that open into each hair follicle. secretes sebum, which lubricates the hair and skin.

A

SEBACEOUS GLAND

27
Q

hard keratin structures that protect the ends of the fingers and toes.

A

FINGERNAILS/TOENAILS

28
Q

The nail root, also called the ______ , begins several millimeters into the finger and extends to the edge of the white, crescent-shaped _______.

A

germinal matrix or nailbed;
lanula

29
Q

It fuses the nail plate and the skin of the finger together to form a waterproof barrier.

A

cuticle or the eponychium

30
Q

is under the free edge of the nail. It also creates a waterproof barrier, fusing the skin of the finger to the underside of the nail plate

A

The hyponychium

31
Q

those that have curled down or around and are growing into the skin. They may become swollen and inflamed.

A

INGROWN NAIL

32
Q

glands that produce sweat or perspiration.

A

Sweat glands or Sudoriferous glands

33
Q

The skin shields the body against ___________.

A

heat
light
injury

34
Q

composed of keratin

A

nail plate

34
Q

The epidermis contains ____________.

A

keratin

35
Q

type of hair covers the entire body of fetuses

A

lanugo

36
Q

The layer of skin that lacks blood vessels is:

A

epidermis

37
Q

The dermis does not contain:

A

mucous gland

38
Q

layer of epidermis would be gradually shed through bathing

A

Stratum granulosum

39
Q

The dermis is primarily composed of what tissue type?

A

connective

40
Q

what epidermal layer is closest to a blood supply?

A

stratum basale

41
Q

A clear, transparent layer through which light can pass.

A

stratum lucidum

42
Q

Cells look like granules, and they are pushed to surface to replace cells that are shed.

A

stratum granulosum

43
Q

has a layer of oil to help make this layer a protective, waterproof layer.

A

stratum corneum

44
Q

The deepest layer of epidermis, responsible for the growth of the epidermis.

A

stratum germinativum

45
Q

Part of the dermis that contains touch receptors.

A

melanin

46
Q

Part of the dermis that contains the hair follicles and roots, nerves, and glands.

A

reticular region

47
Q

Lies below the dermis and contains fat and loose connective tissue.

A

subcutaneous tissue

ANAPHY (miss nat) (7 decks)

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