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ANAPHY (miss nat) > BODY ORIENTATION > Flashcards

BODY ORIENTATION Flashcards

1
Q

study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another

A

ANATOMY

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2
Q

study how the body and its parts work or function

A

PHYSIOLOGY

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3
Q

large structures and easily observable

A

GROSS ANATOMY

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4
Q

very small structures and can only be viewed with microscope

A

MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY

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5
Q

LEVELS OF STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION

A

(1) Chemical Level
(2) Cellular Level
(3) Tissue Level
(4) Organ Level
(5) Organ System Level
(6) Organismal Level

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6
Q

atoms combine to form molecules

A

CHEMICAL LEVEL

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7
Q

are made up of molecules

A

CELLULAR LEVEL

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8
Q

consist of similar types of cells

A

TISSUE LEVEL

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9
Q

are mads up of different types of tissues

A

ORGAN LEVEL

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10
Q

consist of different organ that work together closely

A

ORGAN SYSTEM LEVEL

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11
Q

are made up of many organ systems

A

ORGANISMAL LEVEL

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12
Q

Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above

A

SUPERIOR (cranial or cephalad)

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13
Q

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below

A

INFERIOR (caudal)

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14
Q

Toward or at the front of the body; in front of

A

ANTERIOR (ventral)

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15
Q

Toward or at the back of the body; behind

A

POSTERIOR (dorsal)

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16
Q

Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

A

MEDIAL

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17
Q

Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

A

LATERAL

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18
Q

Between a more medial and a more lateral structure

A

INTERMEDIATE

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19
Q

Close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

A

PROXIMAL

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20
Q

Close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

A

PROXIMAL

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21
Q

Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

A

DISTAL

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22
Q

Toward or at the body surface

A

SUPERFICIAL

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23
Q

Away from the body surface; more internal

A

DEEP

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24
Q

cheek area

A

BUCCAL

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25
wrist
CARPAL
26
neck region
CERVICAL
27
hip
COXAL
28
anterior leg; the shin
CRURAL
29
curve of shoulder formed by large deltoid muscle
DELTOID
30
fingers, toes
DIGITAL
31
thigh(applies to both anterior and posterior)
FEMORAL
32
lateral part of leg
FIBULAR
33
forehead
FRONTAL
34
area where the thigh meets body trunk; groin
INGUINAL
35
chin
MENTAL
36
nose area
NASAL
37
mouth
ORAL
38
eye area
ORBITAL
39
anterior knee
PATELLAR
40
relating to, or occurring in or on, the chest
PECTORAL
41
area overlying the pelvis anteriorly
PELVIC
42
genital region
PUBIC
43
breastbone area
STERNAL
44
ankle region
TARSAL
45
area between the neck and abdomen, supported by the ribs, sternum and costal cartilages; chest
THORACIC
46
navel
UMBILICAL
47
heel or foot
CALCANEAL
48
head
CEPHALIC
49
thigh
FEMORAL
50
buttock
GLUTEAL
51
area of back between ribs and hips; the loin
LUMBAR
52
posterior surface of head or base of skull
OCCIPITAL
53
posterior surface of elbow
OLECRANAL
54
posterior surface of elbow
OLECRANAL
55
posterior knee area
POPLITEAL
56
area between hips at base of spine
SACRAL
57
shoulder blade region
SCAPULAR
58
the posterior surface of leg; the calf
SURAL
59
area of spinal column
VERTEBRAL
60
the sole of the foot
PLANTAR REGION
61
BODY PLANES
(1) MEDIAN (midsagittal) (2) FRONTAL (coronal) PLANE (3) TRANSVERSE PLANE
62
a disturbance in homeostatic resulting in disease
HOMEOSTATIC IMBALANCE
63
- responds to changes in the environment (stimuli) - sends information to control center
RECEPTOR
64
determines set point analyzes information determines appropriate response
CONTROL CENTER
65
provide a means for response to the stimulus
EFFECTOR
66
includes most homeostatic control mechanisms shuts off the original stimulus, or reduces its intensity works like a household thermostat
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
67
increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther in the body, this only occurs in blood clotting and birth of a baby
POSITIVE FEEDBACK
68
NECESSARY LIFE FUNCTIONS
* digestion * excretion * growth * maintain boundaries * metabolism * movement * reproduction * responsiveness
69
SURVIVAL NEEDS
* Atmospheric pressure must be appropriate * Nutrients * Oxygen * Water * Stable body temperature
70
60-80% of the body weight and provides for metabolic reaction
WATER
71
chemicals for energy and cell building such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals
NUTRIENTS
72
provides new cells for growth and repair and production of future generations
REPRODUCTION
73
increasing of cell size and number
GROWTH
74
elimination of waste from metabolic reactions
EXCRETION
75
all chemical reactions within the body
METABOLISM
76
production of energy and making body structures
METABOLISM
77
break-down and delivery of nutrients
DIGESTION
78
ability to sense changes and react
RESPONSIVENESS
79
locomotion ; movement of substances
MOVEMENT
80
keeps the body’s internal environment distinct from the external environment (the skin and membranes)
MAINTAIN BOUNDARIES
81
* forms the external body covering * regulates body temperature * synthesizes vitamin D * protects deeper tissue from injury and drying out
INTEGUMENTARY
82
* protects and support body organs * provides muscle attachment for movement * site of blood cell formation * stores minerals
SKELETAL
83
* allows locomotion * maintain posture * produces heat
MUSCULAR
84
* fast-acting control system * responds to internal and external change * activates muscle and glands
NERVOUS
85
* secretes regulatory hormones (growth, reproduction, metabolism)
ENDOCRINE
86
* transport materials in body via blood pumped by the heart (oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes)
CARDIOVASCULAR
87
* returns fluids to blood vessels * disposes of debris * involved in immunity-destorys bacteria and tumor cells
LYMPHATIC
88
* keeps blood supplied with oxygen * removes carbon dioxide
RESPIRATORY
89
* breaks down food * allows for nutrient absorption into blood * eliminates indigestible material
DIGESTIVE
90
* eliminates nitrogenous wastes * maintains acid-base balance * regulation of materials (water and electrolytes)
URINARY
91
production of offspring
REPRODUCTIVE

ANAPHY (miss nat) (7 decks)

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