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ANAPHY (miss nat) > BODY ORIENTATION > Flashcards

BODY ORIENTATION Flashcards

1
Q

study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another

A

ANATOMY

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2
Q

study how the body and its parts work or function

A

PHYSIOLOGY

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3
Q

large structures and easily observable

A

GROSS ANATOMY

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4
Q

very small structures and can only be viewed with microscope

A

MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY

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5
Q

LEVELS OF STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION

A

(1) Chemical Level
(2) Cellular Level
(3) Tissue Level
(4) Organ Level
(5) Organ System Level
(6) Organismal Level

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6
Q

atoms combine to form molecules

A

CHEMICAL LEVEL

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7
Q

are made up of molecules

A

CELLULAR LEVEL

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8
Q

consist of similar types of cells

A

TISSUE LEVEL

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9
Q

are mads up of different types of tissues

A

ORGAN LEVEL

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10
Q

consist of different organ that work together closely

A

ORGAN SYSTEM LEVEL

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11
Q

are made up of many organ systems

A

ORGANISMAL LEVEL

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12
Q

Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above

A

SUPERIOR (cranial or cephalad)

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13
Q

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below

A

INFERIOR (caudal)

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14
Q

Toward or at the front of the body; in front of

A

ANTERIOR (ventral)

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15
Q

Toward or at the back of the body; behind

A

POSTERIOR (dorsal)

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16
Q

Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

A

MEDIAL

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17
Q

Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

A

LATERAL

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18
Q

Between a more medial and a more lateral structure

A

INTERMEDIATE

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19
Q

Close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

A

PROXIMAL

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20
Q

Close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

A

PROXIMAL

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21
Q

Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

A

DISTAL

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22
Q

Toward or at the body surface

A

SUPERFICIAL

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23
Q

Away from the body surface; more internal

A

DEEP

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24
Q

cheek area

A

BUCCAL

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25
Q

wrist

A

CARPAL

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26
Q

neck region

A

CERVICAL

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27
Q

hip

A

COXAL

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28
Q

anterior leg; the shin

A

CRURAL

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29
Q

curve of shoulder formed by large deltoid muscle

A

DELTOID

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30
Q

fingers, toes

A

DIGITAL

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31
Q

thigh(applies to both anterior and posterior)

A

FEMORAL

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32
Q

lateral part of leg

A

FIBULAR

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33
Q

forehead

A

FRONTAL

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34
Q

area where the thigh meets body trunk; groin

A

INGUINAL

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35
Q

chin

A

MENTAL

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36
Q

nose area

A

NASAL

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37
Q

mouth

A

ORAL

38
Q

eye area

A

ORBITAL

39
Q

anterior knee

A

PATELLAR

40
Q

relating to, or occurring in or on, the chest

A

PECTORAL

41
Q

area overlying the pelvis anteriorly

A

PELVIC

42
Q

genital region

A

PUBIC

43
Q

breastbone area

A

STERNAL

44
Q

ankle region

A

TARSAL

45
Q

area between the neck and abdomen, supported by the ribs, sternum and costal cartilages; chest

A

THORACIC

46
Q

navel

A

UMBILICAL

47
Q

heel or foot

A

CALCANEAL

48
Q

head

A

CEPHALIC

49
Q

thigh

A

FEMORAL

50
Q

buttock

A

GLUTEAL

51
Q

area of back between ribs and hips; the loin

A

LUMBAR

52
Q

posterior surface of head or base of skull

A

OCCIPITAL

53
Q

posterior surface of elbow

A

OLECRANAL

54
Q

posterior surface of elbow

A

OLECRANAL

55
Q

posterior knee area

A

POPLITEAL

56
Q

area between hips at base of spine

A

SACRAL

57
Q

shoulder blade region

A

SCAPULAR

58
Q

the posterior surface of leg; the calf

A

SURAL

59
Q

area of spinal column

A

VERTEBRAL

60
Q

the sole of the foot

A

PLANTAR REGION

61
Q

BODY PLANES

A

(1) MEDIAN (midsagittal)

(2) FRONTAL (coronal) PLANE

(3) TRANSVERSE PLANE

62
Q

a disturbance in homeostatic resulting in disease

A

HOMEOSTATIC IMBALANCE

63
Q
  • responds to changes in the environment (stimuli)
  • sends information to control center
A

RECEPTOR

64
Q

determines set point
analyzes information
determines appropriate response

A

CONTROL CENTER

65
Q

provide a means for response to the stimulus

A

EFFECTOR

66
Q

includes most homeostatic control mechanisms
shuts off the original stimulus, or reduces its intensity
works like a household thermostat

A

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK

67
Q

increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther
in the body, this only occurs in blood clotting and birth of a baby

A

POSITIVE FEEDBACK

68
Q

NECESSARY LIFE FUNCTIONS

A
  • digestion
  • excretion
  • growth
  • maintain boundaries
  • metabolism
  • movement
  • reproduction
  • responsiveness
69
Q

SURVIVAL NEEDS

A
  • Atmospheric pressure must be appropriate
  • Nutrients
  • Oxygen
  • Water
  • Stable body temperature
70
Q

60-80% of the body weight and provides for metabolic reaction

A

WATER

71
Q

chemicals for energy and cell building such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals

A

NUTRIENTS

72
Q

provides new cells for growth and repair and production of future generations

A

REPRODUCTION

73
Q

increasing of cell size and number

A

GROWTH

74
Q

elimination of waste from metabolic reactions

A

EXCRETION

75
Q

all chemical reactions within the body

A

METABOLISM

76
Q

production of energy and making body structures

A

METABOLISM

77
Q

break-down and delivery of nutrients

A

DIGESTION

78
Q

ability to sense changes and react

A

RESPONSIVENESS

79
Q

locomotion ; movement of substances

A

MOVEMENT

80
Q

keeps the body’s internal environment distinct from the external environment (the skin and membranes)

A

MAINTAIN BOUNDARIES

81
Q
  • forms the external body covering
  • regulates body temperature
  • synthesizes vitamin D
  • protects deeper tissue from injury and drying out
A

INTEGUMENTARY

82
Q
  • protects and support body organs
  • provides muscle attachment for movement
  • site of blood cell formation
  • stores minerals
A

SKELETAL

83
Q
  • allows locomotion
  • maintain posture
  • produces heat
A

MUSCULAR

84
Q
  • fast-acting control system
  • responds to internal and external change
  • activates muscle and glands
A

NERVOUS

85
Q
  • secretes regulatory hormones (growth, reproduction, metabolism)
A

ENDOCRINE

86
Q
  • transport materials in body via blood pumped by the heart (oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes)
A

CARDIOVASCULAR

87
Q
  • returns fluids to blood vessels
  • disposes of debris
  • involved in immunity-destorys bacteria and tumor cells
A

LYMPHATIC

88
Q
  • keeps blood supplied with oxygen
  • removes carbon dioxide
A

RESPIRATORY

89
Q
  • breaks down food
  • allows for nutrient absorption into blood
  • eliminates indigestible material
A

DIGESTIVE

90
Q
  • eliminates nitrogenous wastes
  • maintains acid-base balance
  • regulation of materials (water and electrolytes)
A

URINARY

91
Q

production of offspring

A

REPRODUCTIVE

ANAPHY (miss nat) (7 decks)

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