Integumentary Flashcards
1
Q
Airplane splint prevents someone from scaring in what position
A
Adduction
2
Q
What type of burn can lead to Rhabdomyolysis
A
Electrical burns
3
Q
Burn classification:
Superficial redness hot to tough and no blisters
A
1st degree
4
Q
Burn classification:
Skin is mostly intact, most of basal layer is intact
-blisters, redness, very painful
A
Superficial partial thickness (2nd degree)
5
Q
Burn classification:
Yellow/white, some blisters, sensitive to presssure but insensitive to light touch or pin prick
-hypertrophic scarring is likely
A
Deep partial thickness (second degree)
6
Q
Burn classification:
white/brown/blackish, painless, dry
-hypertrophic scarring is likely
A
3rd degree (full thickness)
7
Q
Pressure injury staging:
Nonblanchalbe erythema
A
Stage 1
8
Q
Pressure injury staging:
Partial thickness skin loss
A
Stage 2
9
Q
Pressure injury staging:
Full thickness to the underlying fascia
A
Stage 3
10
Q
Pressure injury staging:
Full thickness to bone, tendon or muscle
A
Stage 4
11
Q
What score on the Braden scale would mean high risk for pressure injury
A
Less than 12
12
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
Punched out, even edges
A
Arterial
13
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
Loss of hair, cyanotic, pale, ashen
A
Arterial
14
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency: Painful
A
Arterial
15
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
Minimal drainage
A
Arterial
16
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency: Low ABI (less than 0.8)
A
Arterial
17
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
Rubor of dependency
A
Arterial
18
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
Large, irregular edges
A
Venous
19
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
Shallow depth, inflammed surrounding skin
A
Venous
20
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
Edema
A
Venous
21
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
Hyperpigmented with hemosiderin staining (high sock pattern)
A
Venous
22
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
Minimal pain
A
Venous
23
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
Normal BMI
A
Venous
24
Q
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
Lots of drainage
A
Venous
25
Is arterial or venous insufficincy easier to debride
Venous
26
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
| Feels better in depedent position
Arterial
27
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
| Feels better with elevation
Venous
28
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
| Compression is good to use
Venous
29
Arterial or venous insufficiency:
| Add moisture
Arterial
30
Wagner scale is for what type of wounds
Diabetic wounds
31
Classification on Wagner Scale:
| Thick calluses, bone deformity, clawed toes, and prominent metatarsal heads
Grade 0 (foot at risk)
32
Classification on Wagner Scale:
| Superficial Ulcer
Grade 1 (superficial ulcer)
33
Classification on Wagner Scale:
Penetrates thru the skin, fat, and ligaments, but does not affect bones
-infected
Grade 2 (deep ulcer)
34
Classification on Wagner Scale:
| Necrosis of the complete foot, with systemic effects
Grade 5 (extensive gangrene)
35
Where is the vascular supply of the skin
Dermis
36
How do partial thickness wounds heal
Thru epitheliazation (no scarring)
37
How do full thickness wound heal
Granulation (beefy, red, vascularized fibroblasts)....gradually fills in with collagen matrix (scar tissue)
38
Is transparent film absorptive
No
39
Are hydrofibers absorptive
yes
40
Is hydrogel used in wet or dry wounds
dry
41
Wagner Classification:
| Deep ulcer w/ osteomyelitis
Grade 3
42
Wagner Classifciation:
| Gangrene of digit
Grade 4
43
Wagner Classification:
| Gangrene of foot requiring disarticulation
Grade 5
44
Exudate Classification:
| Clear, light color and thin, watery consistnecy.
Serous
45
Exudate Classification:
| Red color and thin, watery consistency.
Sangineous
46
Exudate Classification:
| Light red or pink color, thin and watery
Serosanguinous
47
Exudate Classification:
| Cloudy or opaque with a yellow or tan color, thin and watery consistency
Seropurulent
48
Exudate Classification:
| Yellow or green color, thick, viscous consistency. Infection
Purulent
49
Type of odor:
| Sweet odor. Ripe or fruity odor
Pseudomonas Infection
50
Type of odor:
| Strong pungent odor along with tissue necrosis or separation of skin into paper thin black-purple layers
Clostridium
51
Type of odor:
| Pungent-swelling known to elicit the gag reflex and can cause vomiting, a rotten smell
Putrescine
52
Does elevation incr or decr pain in someone who has arterial insuff
Incr
53
Skin infection that is Associated with
inflammation, small
pus-filled vesicles,
itching Contagious
Impetigo
54
What is the tx for impetigo
Antibiotics
55
```
Skin infection that is poorly defined and
widespread
Skin is hot, red and
edematous Can be
contagious
```
Cellulitis
56
What is the tx for cellulits
Antibiotics
Elevation
Cool, wet dressing
57
Cavity containing pus and
surrounded by inflamed
tissue. Result of localized
infection
Abcess
58
What is the tx for an abcess
drain it
59
```
Skin infection contagious with
direct contact,
itchy, ring shaped
patches/vesicles/
scales
```
Ringworm
60
What are symptoms of Athletes' foot
Erythema, inflamed, pruitis, itching, pain in between the toes
61
```
Skin condition:
Erythematous
plaques covered
with silvery
scale. Is
hereditary
-chronic autoimmune dz of the skin
```
Psoriasis
62
Tx for psoriasis
Corticosteroids
Occlusive ointments
Coal Tar
Immunosuppressive drus
63
Skin condition:
Butterfly rash
Chronic progressive autoimmune inflammaotry d/o of connective tissue
Lupus
64
Raynaud's is common with what skin conditions
Lupus and Scleroderma
65
Tx for Lupus
Topical tx of skin lesion
66
```
Skin condition:
Fibrosis of skin,
joints, blood
vessels, and
internal organs
-skin taught, firm, edematous and bound to subq tissue
```
Scleroderma
67
```
Skin condition:
Edema,
inflammation, and
degeneration of
the muscles
```
Polymyositis
68
What areas does polymyositis mainly affect
Proximal muscles mostly
69
What is the tx for polymyositis
Corticosteroids
70
Can hydrocolloids be used on infected wounds
NO
71
Is hydrogel for wounds with not much drainage
yes
72
Is foam a primary or secondary dressing
secondary
73
What is foam commonly used with
hydrogels
74
What types of wounds is alignate dressing used for
Partial and full thickness wounds, draining wounds and infected wounds
75
What is silver sulfandiazine used for
burn care (second and third degree burns)
76
What does Sulfamylon do
Infection control in full thickness ulcer or burns
77
Debrides dead tissue and thins pus from superficial layers, improves recovery time and odor
Panafil
78
What does Dakin solution treat
Treats infected wounds and bacteria (Dakin's solution is an antispetic)
79
What is Povidone-iodine
antifungal that is easily removed with water
| Used in burn care
80
What is Gentamicin used to treat
burns
81
What is povidone-iodine used to treat
burns
82
What is panafil used to treat
burns
83
What is santyl
Enzymatic debrding oitment
Removes dead skin from wounds and burns
84
Should hydrocolloids be used for no exudate, mild exudate, or a lot of exudate
mild exudate
85
Do hydrocolloids and hydrogels provide a moist environment
Yes
86
Can foam be used on infected wounds
no
87
Can transparent film be used for infected wounds
No
88
Type of debridement that creates a moist environment that rehydrates necrotic tissue and eschar
Autolytic
89
Can enzymatic debridement be used for infected wounds
yes; it can be used for infected and non-infected wounds with dead tissue
90
What is an issue with wet to dry debridement
Can be painful and cause bleeding to granulation tissue
91
Removal of necrotic tissue via pressurized fluid
| -used for infected wounds that have loose debris
Irrigation
92
Collagenase Santyl and Panafil is an example of what
Enzymatic Debridement
93
Regrenex is an example of what
Growth Factor
94
Silvadene, Iodoflex, Nitrofurazone, Bactricin, Neomycin, Polymyxin B, and Sulfamylon are examples of what
Antimicrobials
95
What is Wet-to-dry dressing used for
Moderate amounts of exudate and necrotic tissue
96
What types of wounds should enzymatic debridement not be used for
Ischemic wounds
97
Calcium alginate dressing can promote ________debridement
autolytic
98
True or false:
| Compression garments can improve hypertrophic scarrin
true
99
Sustained pressure at _____-_____mmHg can improve hypertrophic scarring
15-35 mmHg
100
How long should compression garments be worn to prevent hypetrophic scarrin
22-23 hrs per day
101
When should you not use Hyperbaric O2
When active malignancy is present
102
Most absorptive dressing
Hydrofibers
103
Least absorptive dressings
Transparent film
| Hydrogel
104
Does alginate usually require a secondary dressing
Yes
105
Treatment for arterial insufficiency
- Rest
- Limb protection
- Risk reduction
- Avoid leg elevation
106
Treatment for venous insuffciency
- Limb protection
- Compression for edema
- Elevate legs
- AROM exercises
107
Is elevation used for the tx of venous or arterial insuffciency
Venous
108
Where are venous ulcers found most often
Medial malleolus
109
Types of ulcers found near the medial malleolus most often
Venous
110
Where are arterial ulcers found most often
Lower third of leg, toes, web spaces, distal toes, dorsal foot, lateral malleolus
111
Electrical burns are often what types of burns
4th degree (subdermal)
