Insulins

Question 1

What are the categories of insulin?

Answer 1

Ultrafast, rapid, short, intermediate, long, very long acting

Question 2

Ultrafast acting: use, example and time of action

Answer 2

Good for insulin pumps
Aspart
2.5mins

Question 3

Rapid acting: example and time of action

Answer 3

Humalog, Novarapid, Apidra
5-15 mins
Peaks at ~60 mins
Lasts 4-6 hours

Question 4

Short acting: example and time of action

Answer 4

Actrapid, Humulin S, Hyperion Bovine, Porcine Neutral
30-60 mins
Peaks at 2-3 hours
Lasts 8-10 hours

Question 5

Intermediate acting: example and time of action

Answer 5

Insulatard, Humilin I, Insuman Basal
2-4 hours
Peaks at 4-8 hours
Lasts for 12-20 hours

Question 6

Long acting: time of action

Answer 6

2-6 hours

Duration up to 24 hours

Question 7

Very long acting: example, duration and pros

Answer 7

Degludec
50+ hours
Decreased risk of hypo’s, especially at night

Question 8

Insulin ADRs?

Answer 8

Hypo/hyperglycaemia
Lipodystrophy
Lipoatrophy
Painful to inject
Allergies

Question 9

Insulin MoA

Answer 9

Stimulates glucose uptake
Decreases gluconeogenesis
Promotes uptake of fats