Instruments Flashcards
AR 95-1
Smoking is prohibited in or within what distance of Army aircraft?
50 feet
AR 95-1
For Rotary Wing IFR flight planning a fuel reserve of how long is required?
30 minutes
AR 95-1
Are you allowed to fly into known or forecast severe icing conditions?
NO
AR 95-1
Are you allowed to fly into known or forecast moderate icing conditions?
YES but only with adequate operational anti-icing or deicing equipment.
AR 95-1
Are you allowed to intentionally fly into known or forecast extreme turbulence?
NO
AR 95-1
Are you allowed to intentionally fly into known severe turbulence?
NO
AR 95-1
What is the Helicopter SVFR minimum?
1/2 mile & Clear of Clouds
AR 95-1
To file IFR, what weather must meet published Wx minimums through 1 hour after ETA?
Predominant Weather
AR 95-1
To file IFR, you must be able to meet _______ Wx minimums through ___ after ETA.
Predominant
1 Hour
AR 95-1
How long does the weather forecast last before being void?
1 hour 30 minutes
AR 95-1
What are the 4 times you may not reduce visibility minimums by 1/2?
Flying faster than 90 KTAS (Cat A)
Copter Approaches
Approach plate states “Visibility Reduction by Helicopters NA”
No reduction less than 1/4 mile
AR 95-1
An alternate airfield is required when filing IFR if:
(Wx) - predominant Wx through ETA + 1 hour is less than Wx planning minimums + 400/1)
(Radar) - Radar is required for the approach
(Navaids) - Navigational Aids are unmonitored
AR 95-1
Is an alternate airfield required for planning if radar is required for the approach but descent from en route minimum altitude for IFR operations can be made in VFR?
No
AR 95-1
An alternate airfield can be used when filing IFR if:
(WRNGAS)
Worst Wx through ETA+1hr is better than Wx planning mins + 400/1 Radar is not required for the approach Navaids are monitored GPS not required for the approach ANA does not appear on the FLIP Surface Area Airspace
AR 95-1
What are the take-off weather minimums for a pilot without 50 hours W-PC?
100- 1/4
AR 95-1
When does an Army aviator no longer have take-off minimums?
50 hours W-PC
AR 95-1
What are the take-off weather minimums for a pilot with more than 50 hours W-PC?
0/0
AR 95-1
What is the minimum Wx required to initiate an approach?
0/0
AR 95-1
When can an aircraft be flown below the published MDA or DH?
landing area/RWY/landing lights in sight AND in a safe position to land.
AR 95-1
How long can elapse before a pilot must be given a PFE for currency?
60 days in similar A/C
AR 95-1
What clothing and equipment must be worn by crew members when performing crew duties?
Leather Boots / Flight: Helmet, Suit, Gloves
Cotton/wool/or nomex underwear
ID Tags
AR 95-1
How often must your flight helmet be inspected?
120 days
AR 95-1
When is it acceptable to not file IFR?
VFR Training / Time Limit / VFR Mission / Excessive IFR delays / Hazardous Wx conditions IFR / Single Pilot
FM .240
What does the L stand for in L Class VOR?
Low Altitude
FM .240
What does the H stand for in the H Class VOR?
High Altitude
FM .240
How many degrees off course are you when you have full scale deflection on a VOR Approach?
at least 10 degrees
FM .240
How many degrees off course are you when you have full scale deflection on an ILS Approach?
At least 2 1/2 degrees
FM .240
What are the classes of NDB’s and what distances are associated with them?
L - 15nm
MH - 25nm
H - 50nm
HH - 75nm
FM .240
What does Category A, B, C, etc mean on approach?
It’s determined by the aircraft speed & usually changes the weather minimums
FM .240
What are the speeds associated with the Categories?
A: 1-90 kts / B: 91-120 kts / C: 121-140 kts / D: 141-165 kts
E: 166+ kts
FM .240
Are category speeds determined by Airspeed or Groundspeed?
Airspeed
FM .240
When do you start a turn on a departure procedure?
400 feet above departure end of the runway.
FM .240
What is PMSV?
Pilot to Metro Service - a direct pilot to Wx briefer service. It is used to update Wx or give a PIREP
FM .240
What is a precision approach?
A standard instrument approach procedure that has a glideslope/glidepath
FM .240
What is an example of a precision approach?
ILS or PAR
FM .240
What is the difference between an ILS and a PAR?
On an ILS, the instruments provide the pilot with the elevation and azimuth information, where on the PAR the Final controller (ATC) provides the information to the pilot.
FM .240
What is a non-precision approach?
A standard instrument approach procedure in which no electronic glideslope is provided
FM .240
What is an example of a non-precision approach?
VOR, NDB, LOC, ASR, LDA, and SDF
FM .240
What is a Final Approach Fix (FAF)?
The fix from which the final approach (IFR) to an airport is executed
FM .240
What is the final approach fix for an ILS/PAR approach?
Glide path / Slop intercept
FM .240
How do you know when you are at the FAF on a PAR?
Final Controller (ATC) will announce, “On glide path, begin descent”
FM .240
What is the FAF for a non-precision approach?
Maltese Cross (x) symbol on government charts
FM .240
What is a Final Approach Point (FAP)?
The point (on a non-precision approach) where the procedure turn is completed and the descent may start.
FM .240
What is a Missed Approach Point?
A point prescribed in each instrument approach procedure (IAP) at which a missed approach procedure shall be executed if the required visual reference does not exist.
FM .240
What is the missed approach point for an ILS/PAR approach?
On glide path at decision height
FM .240
How do you know that you are at the missed approach point on a PAR?
Final Controller (ATC) will announce “At Decision Height”
FM .240
What is the missed approach point for a non-precision approach?
As published on each IAP
FM .240
On a precision approach what is the lowest altitude allowed called?
Decision Height (DH)
FM .240
On a non-precision approach what is the lowest altitude allowed called?
Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA)
FM .240
How would you depart an airport that does not have a departure procedure published?
As directed by Alternate Takeoff Minimums or, if none are published, climb to 400’ HAA before turning.
FM .240
What is the difference between an ADF and an NDB?
ADF (Automatic Direction Finder) - receiver - in aircraft
NDB (Non-Directional Beacon) - transmitter - on ground
FM .240
At a pilot controlled lighting airport how do you get Medium intensity lighting?
5 clicks within 5 seconds
FM .240
How long will the lights stay on after a pilot uses pilot controlled lighting?
15 minutes
FM .240
What is an ILS critical area?
An area designated by taxiway markings that surface vehicles or aircraft operating on the ground, could cause disturbances to the ILS localizer and glideslope courses.
FM .240
When is an ILS critical area active?
Control tower active and 800’ ceilings, 2 miles visibility
AR 95-1
When there are intermittent weather conditions, _______ weather will apply.
Predominant
AR 95-1
Aviators flying helicopters may reduce destination and alternate Category A visibility minimums by ____, but not less than ___ mile or metric equivalent.
50 percent
1/4 mile
AR 95-1
For all IFR and VFR cross country flights, the weather forecast will be void ______ from the time the forecast is received provided the aircraft has not departed.
1 hour and 30 minutes
AR 95-1
The crew will update _______ on stopover flights.
weather briefing information
AR 95-1
An airfield may be selected as an alternate when the ____ weather condition for that airfield is forecast for ETA through ____ to be equal or greater than -
WORST <> 1 hour after ETA
400’/1sm > Wx planning minium required for the approach; or VFR approach can be made
AR 95-1
What are the five criteria that make an airfield ineligible for designation as an alternate airfield?
APP procedure NA in FLIP, Radar Required, GPS required, NAVAIDs unmonitored, no SFC-based airspace
AR 95-1
How do you determine if you do not need an Alternate Airfield because “VFR approach is possible”?
Take MSL Altitude - Airfield elevation to find AGL altitude. Round up to nearest 100’. Determine airspace and add the cloud clearance. The answer = forecasted minimums.
AR 95-1
All aviators will comply with _________ IFR takeoff minimums and ________ in __________.
published nonstandard
departure procedures in flight information publications
AR 95-1
An aviator who has logged __ hours or more of ACTUAL weather time AS PC has ______________.
50 hours
no Army takeoff minimums
AR 95-1
What are the minimum takeoff requirements for an aviator who has NOT logged 50 hours of actual Wx?
100’ ceilings and either 1/4 mile VIS or RVR 1200 feet
AR 95-1
Communications
IFR - reports and radio phraseology will _________.
VFR - Aviators will ______ and make ____ as required.
conform to DOD FLIP
monitor appropriate frequencies; position reports
AR 95-1
Holding - An aviator may request ATC clearance to hold at any time if _______ can be met; holding will be in accordance with _________.
fuel and alternate requirements
DOD FLIP
AR 95-1
Aviators shall avoid overflight of national security areas below ______. Exceptions will be per instructions in _____.
2,000’ AGL.
DOD FLIP
If an ALTN Airfield is required, the ETE TO ALTN should include:
missed approach, en route, one lap in holding, full approach to touchdown.
According to current Army operator manuals and regulations, aircraft are permitted up to _____ of error from the surveyed elevation before requiring maint.
70 feet
When flying instruments, what should be selected on the FLT SET page?
LO BUG
NM (not km)
FM .240 Departure procedures (normal departure) provide obstacle clearance provided that the aircraft:
crosses the end of the RWY at least 35’ AGL, climbs to 400’ above airfield elevation before turning, and climbs at a minimum of 200 ft/NM, unless higher gradient assigned.
ATM
What are the three standards for HOLDING?
Under PROCEDURES, what will the P do?
1- correctly tune/identify appropriate NAVAID
2- correctly enter the holding pattern
3- correctly time/track holding pattern legs
compute outbound wind corrections for P*
FM .240
When correcting for wind direction on the outbound leg, the correction should be ______.
tripled
What are the three types of entry into holding patters?
Parallel, Direct, Teardrop
FM .240
What are the four common techniques for executing a procedure turn (course reversal)?
Teardrop pattern, Standard 45/180, 80/260 course reversal, holding/racetrack pattern
ATM
What are the five standards for instrument takeoff?
Select FLT page, Maintain T/O power, Maintain accelerative climb +/-2 bar width, in trim after ETL, appropriate climb +/-200 FPM
ATM
What are the immediate actions taken upon unusual attitude recovery?
Level pitch and bank attitude, establish and maintain a heading - turn only for known obstacles, adjust torque to cruise or hover power as applicable, trim as required to return to level flight
ATM
What are the immediate actions taken upon IIMC?
Announce IMC and transition to instrument flight
LEVEL wings, HDG - only turn for obs, TQ for Climb, A/S for Climb, trim +/- 1 ball width, XPNDR to EMER, contact ATC
