FM 3-04.126 ATK/Recon OPs Flashcards
_________ is the synchronized and simultaneous application of the warfighting functions (WFFs) to achieve an effect that is greater than if each arm were used in sequence.
Combined Arms
________ are conducted to find, fix, and destroy enemy forces and confirm intelligence. _____ require the ability to mass overwhelming firepower and effects at the time and place where the enemy’s assets and strengths are most vulnerable.
Decisive Operations
_____ establish conditions for success of the decisive operation by setting the battlefield to our advantage.
Shaping Operations
_______ includes lethal and nonlethal operations that make the enemy vulnerable to attack, impede or divert its attempts to maneuver, provide combat support to facilitate the maneuver of friendly forces, enhance deception, or otherwise dictate the time and place for decisive battle.
Shaping Operations
_______ generate and maintain combat power.
Sustaining Operations
The primary missions of attack reconnaissance helicopter units are: (4)
Reconnaissance / Security / Attack / Movement to Contact
_____ provide reaction time, maneuver space, and protection to air-ground maneuver.
Security Operations
_______ is a hasty or deliberate attack providing air-to-ground fires for friendly units engaged in close combat. Detailed integration is required.
Close Combat Attack
_____ is a hasty or deliberate attack to divert, disrupt, delay, degrade, or destroy the enemy before they can be used effectively against friendly forces.
Interdiction Attack
The ____ platoon has three non-FCR and one FCR aircraft. The ____ platoon has two non-FCR and two FCR aircraft.
Attack
Reconnaissance
_______ is the art of motivating and directing people and organizations to accomplish missions.
Command
The ______ is an FM secure net controlled by the S-3 and used for C2.
Command Net
The S-2 controls the _____ net.
Operations and Intelligence (O&I) net
The ______ net is controlled by the S-1 and S-4.
Administrative and Logistics Net (A&L)
The staff does NOT ask the commander for solutions. It _______________.
presents issues, offers COAs, and recommends one of the COAs.
During offensive operations, the main CP should be _____. During defensive operations, the main CP normally locates ______.
well forward
farther to the rear
What are the seven steps of the Military Decision Making Process (MDMP)? In the steps, when do WARNOs come out?
(1) Receipt of the Mission <> WARNO <> (2) Mission Analysis <> WARNO <> (3) COA Development, (4) Analysis, (5) Comparison, and (6) Approval <> WARNO <> (7) Orders Production
The ____ methodology facilitates the attack of the right target or objective with the right asset at the right time. What does ___ stand for?
D3A
Decide, Detect, Deliver, Assess
Effects refer to target or objective attack criteria. The S-3/FSO specifies the criteria according to Higher HQs. What are some quantifiable types of criteria?
% of casualties, destroyed elements, time on target, duration of fires, number of munitions, or application of assets.
The platoon leader leads his platoon in combat and is responsible for __________.
crew selection recommendations and mission accomplishment.
What are the eight steps of the Troop Leading Procedures?
Receive Mission, Issue WARNO, Make tentative Plan, Initiate Movement, Conduct Recon, Complete Plan, Issue OPORD, Supervise and Refine
______ are utilized by the company commander to plan, organize, and effectively execute the mission.
Company Planning Cells
Who acts as the AMC on a mission?
Company Commander or senior officer
For a (significant) mission to be executed, what are the types and order of briefings?
OPORD Brief, Air Mission Brief, Team Brief, Crew Mission Brief
ARBs are maneuver units that can _____, but not ____, terrain for limited periods.
dominate
occupy
AWTs are normally comprised of a lead and a wingman. _____ is generally the most ______ PC in the team and is selected based on _________________.
Lead <> proficient
ability and demonstrated knowledge of mission, tactics, and local SOPs
The wingman’s primary responsibility is to _______.
cover the lead aircraft
The wingman is generally the ______.
Commander, Platoon Leader, or senior WO who serves as AMC
What are the basic AWT flight formations used?
Combat Cruise
Combat Cruise LEFT and RIGHT
Combat Spread
________ is used when teams wish to move quickly and maximize use of terrain for masking.
Combat Cruise
When flying combat cruise, separation should be ____ or more depending on terrain and threat.
150 meters
Combat Cruise LEFT / RIGHT requires changing sides only _______. Optimum position is ___ off lead aircraft.
after coordinating with the lead aircraft
45 degrees
________ promotes security by providing maximum firepower forward and overlapping fields of view.
Combat Spread
___ rotor discs is the approximate separation needed during Combat Spread.
10 rotor discs
Combat Spread should not be used in the objective area when ________.
constant maneuvering is required.
What are the three flight modes?
Low-Level, Contour, and Nap-of-the-Earth (NOE)
What are the three movement techniques?
Traveling, Traveling Overwatch, and Bounding Overwatch
When conducting NVD terrain flight, what factors increase psychological and physiological stress?
Increased Workloads, Limited FOV, Reduced visual acuity, and more complex Aircrew coordination
____ flight is conducted at varying airspeeds as close to the earth’s surface as vegetation and obstacles permit. Aviators should decrease _____ if ________.
NOE
airspeed if Wx and ambient light restrict visibility
_____ is conducted at low altitude conforming to the earth’s _____. It is characterized by _______.
Contour flight; contours
varying airspeeds and altitude, dictated by terrain and obstacles
______ is conducted at constant altitude and airspeed, which are both dictated by ______.
Low-Level Flight
Threat Avoidance
Company elements employ the ______ movement technique to move rapidly through the operational environment when enemy contact is unlikely, or the situation requires speed for evading the enemy.
traveling
Company elements employ the _______ movement technique when speed is essential and enemy contact is possible.
Traveling Overwatch
Company elements employ ________ movement technique when they expect enemy contact and the greatest degree of concealment is required.
Bounding Overwatch
Which movement technique is the slowest?
Bounding Overwatch
Bounding Overwatch is too ____ for high tempo operations and ________ for nonlinear and/or urban operations.
slow
vulnerable
Units normally employ contour and NOE flight with the _____ movement technique
Bounding Overwatch
What are the four categories of reconnaissance?
Companies may be assigned any combination of the four
Route <> Zone <> Area <> Surveillance
Reconnaissance missions focus on reconnaissance objectives and set strict _________ and developing the situation in conjunction with ground forces.
criteria for engagement
What are the fundamentals of reconnaissance?
Gain and Maintain Contact <> Orient on the Objective <> Report rapidly and accurately <> Retain freedom to maneuver <> Develop the situation <> Ensure max recon force forward <> Ensure cont recon
What is the acronym used for the fundamentals of reconnaissance?
GORRDEE
Gorrdee - Once contact is made, it is _________; ____ or ____ criteria of the OPORD.
not voluntarily broken
orders must be received to break contact
be defined in the bypass
Gorrdee - Breaking contact is dangerous because it is _________ to ________.
inherently risky
regain contact
gOrrdee - The objective may be a __________.
terrain feature, control measure, locality, or threat force
goRrdee - Acquire and report accurately and timely information on the ______________ that could impact friendly operations.
threat, civil considerations, and terrain and weather
goRrdee - Combat information is extremely _____.
time sensitive
gorRdee - Obtain information by stealth when possible, but _____ as necessary to accomplish the mission. __________ help retain freedom to maneuver.
fights
overwatch, suppressive fires, cunning, and constant SA
gorRdee - _______ occurs when the company is fully committed and cannot maneuver or extricate itself.
If the ARC is decisively engaged, ________ and a battle for survival begins.
Decisive Engagement
reconnaissance stops
gorrDee - If a threat force is encountered, the ARC determines its __________.
size, composition, disposition, activities, and movement.
gorrdEe - Recon assets are most valuable when positioned __________ as METT-TC, combat support, and sustainment factors allow; use maximum ___ integration.
as far forward
UAS
gorrdEe - Recon assets do not necessarily have to be in a linear fashion; _____ is essential, especially in restricted terrain or a contaminated environment.
depth
gorrdeE - Extended operations, both distance and duration, require ARC commanders to develop _________ to maintain a continuous recon effort.
crew rest plans
What are the five planning considerations for reconnaissance operations?
Focus, Tempo, Engagement/Bypass Criteria, Air Limits of Advance (LOAs), and Transition Operations Guidance
What are the four Actions on Contact an aviator must take?
Deploy to cover and report
Maintain contact and develop the situation
Choose a COA; Recommend or Execute the COA
For “Actions on Contact”, what are the options for ‘Choose a Course of Action’?
Hasty Attack, Bypass, Hasty Screen, Support by another team
What is the main criteria for COA selection with regards to ‘Actions on Contact’?
Resuming the mission as soon as possible
In order to bypass the enemy when conducting the reconnaissance, what must the team leader receive?
Commander’s Permission (verbal or OPORD)
Without augmentation, a company has the capability to reconnoiter up to _ routes _____, or _ routes ____ for limited periods.
2 routes continuously
3 routes simultaneously
What are the three reconnaissance methods at the company level?
Aerial
Reconnaissance-by-Fire
Dismounted
What are the four forms of reconnaissance?
ROUTE <> ZONE <> AREA <> SURVEILLANCE
A _____ reconnaissance is conducted to obtain information about a specific ___ and all ________ from which the threat could influence movement along the _.
Route, Route, adjacent terrain, route
A ____ reconnaissance is a directed effort to obtain information concerning all routes, obstacles, terrain, and enemy forces within a ____ defined by ____.
Zone, Zone, Boundaries
The boundaries of a zone reconnaissance are _____.
The boundaries of an area reconnaissance are ____.
Restrictive
Permissive
The purpose of ______ reconnaissance is to gather intelligence or conduct surveillance of a specified ___.
Area, Area
Landing Zone / Pickup Zone reconnaissance is a type of _______ performed to determine the suitability for air assault operations.
area reconnaissance
(Primarily for UAS) ____ is defined as systematic observation to obtain detailed information of a specific target or area.
Aerial Surveillance
Security operations include all measures taken by a command to protect itself from ____________ by the threat.
surprise, provocation, espionage, sabotage, or observation
What are the fundamentals of security? What is the acronym?
MOPP
Maintain threat contact, Orient on the objective, Provide early warning, Provide reaction time and maneuver space, Perform continuous reconnaissance
Moppp - Once the ARC gains contact, it does not break contact unless ___________.
directed to do so by HHQs
mOppp - A security force operates __________.
between the main body and known or suspected threat units
moPpp - Early warning of threat activity includes accurate reports regarding threat: __________. (SDCLDRE)
Size <> Disposition <> Composition <> Location <> Direction of movement <> Rate of advance <> special Equipment
mopPp - The ARC provides ____ for the commander to assess the situation, determine a COA, issue orders, and maneuver.
time
moppP - A security force performs _____ to gain all possible information about the enemy force and terrain within the assigned AO.
continuous reconnaissance
What are the four types of security missions the ARC is expected to conduct and/or participate in?
SCREEN <> GUARD <> COVER <> AREA SECURITY
What is the primary purpose of the SCREEN?
provide early warning to the main body
Screening operations are not performed _____ of a moving force because that would be an ____ or ____.
forward
advance guard
zone reconnaissance
Screen missions are ____ in nature, largely accomplished by establishing a series of OPs to ensure adequate ____ of the assigned sector.
defensive
surveillance
What are the two types of screens?
What determines which is appropriate?
Stationary <> Moving
Main Body being secured: moving or stationary?
What is the primary difference between a SCREEN and a GUARD?
Expectation of contact and necessity for protection
The ARC cannot perform a ____ mission independently and without augmentation of ground forces.
GUARD
What are the two types of guards?
Stationary <> Moving
A ______ force accomplishes all the tasks of screening and guard forces. Difference: a ___ force is tactically self-contained and capable of operating independently.
cover
cover
___ security operations includes recon and security of designated personnel, airfields, unit convoys, facilities, main supply routes (MSRs), FOBs, equipment, and critical points.
AREA
A ______, part of Area Security, is executed against a specific target within a given area. It incorporates both air and ground forces.
Cordon and Search
The two basic methods for conducting convoy security are ______ and ______.
Attached and Detached
Attached Convoy Security provides _______.
Detached Convoy Security provides ________.
deterrent and immediate CCA if the convoy is engaged
GND CDR with real-time SA IOT make decisions
Attached CNVY SECURITY: Lead flies up to __ ahead of CNVY to provide security. Trail flies behind or over the CNVY.
1 kilometer
The ______ technique for convoy security has each aircraft fly racetrack patterns on opposite sides of the route.
butterfly pattern
__________ missions are flown to protect helicopters conducting air assault, MEDEVAC/CASEVAC, or air movement missions. Upon reaching the objective, the AWT immediately transitions to _________.
Aerial escort
Area Security Operations.
The standard escort formation for a single AWT when conducting aerial escort is _______. The AWT flies a ______ off the last aircraft in the escorted formation.
the “Inverted Y” formation
combat spread formation
Air Assault planning is conducted ______.
What are the 5 stages of planning for AASLT?
backwards
Ground Tactical Plan <> Landing Plan <> Air Movement Plan <> Loading Plan <> Staging Plan
Under optimum conditions of wide-open terrain, excellent visibility, and all available aircraft screening and rotating through the FARP, a company can screen along ______ for ____ hours.
30 kilometers for 8-12 hours
An ____ is an ______ that destroys or defeats enemy forces, seizes and secures terrain, or both
attack is an offensive operation
A _____ is an attack launched with the forces at hand and with minimal preparation to maintain the momentum or take advantage of the enemy situation.
hasty attack
The objectives of a _______ are the overwhelm the enemy quickly and seize the initiative.
hasty attack
A _____ is an attack that is planned and carefully coordinated with all involved elements to provide synchronization of combat power at the decisive point.
deliberate attack
Close Combat Attack (CCA) is defined as _________.
a coordinated attack by Army aircraft against targets that are in close proximity to friendly forces
Transmission of the CCA brief is _________ except in _____ situations.
clearance to fire
Danger Close
The check-in brief includes:
Identification, Team Composition/Location/ETA, Munitions, Playtime, Request for SITREP + Task/Purpose
After completion of CCA, aircrew provides ____ and ______ recommendation to ground commander.
BDA
re-attack / end of mission
An _____ is an attack by Army aircraft to diver, disrupt, delay, degrade, or destroy enemy combat power before it can be used effectively against friendly forces.
Interdiction Attack
_____ attack is conducted at such a distance from friendly forces that detailed integration with ground forces is not needed.
Interdiction
AWT normally perform as ____ during Joint Air Attack Team (JAAT) operations because they have the highest level of __.
AMC <> SA
What are the three attack employment methods (timing)?
Continuous <> Phased <> Maximum Destruction
What are the three weapons delivery techniques?
Hover, Running, and Diving Fire
Hover Fire is any engagement conducted below____.
ETL
Running Fire is an engagement from a moving helicopter ______.
above ETL
The ______ attack is used to take advantage of masking terrain while increasing the angle of attack.
Low Altitude Bump
A normal dive angle for diving fire is ____ degrees. Anything greater than ____ is a steep dive.
10-15 degrees
30 degrees
More than any other factor, it is important to avoid ______ as it increases a weapon’s Pk. In a target-rich environment, a unit may ________ and still not meet the CDR’s intent.
overkill
expend all its ammunition
In what three can an engagement end?
Commander Announces Cease-Fire
All Targets Destroyed
All Ammo Expended
The primary purpose of the rehearsal is ensuring all crews know and understand ___________.
the Commander’s Intent and how it will be executed
Once established in BPs, crews prepare for engagement. They must expect the enemy to employ _________ unless _______.
active and passive Air Defence
reliable intelligence predicts otherwise
The amount of time a helicopter can safely remain unmasked will depend _____. Should enemy AD or tanks be in overwatch, or if the TGT is STI, no more than __________.
two engagements from the same firing position
Leaders must plan engagements within the “____” of the sensors, not merely “____”.
USEABLE range
maximum range
The ______ is the last covered and concealed position prior to the objective that is occupied for short periods of time.
Holding Area
Holding areas are normally located ______ behind the BP, ABF, or FLOT.
2-5 kilometers
What is the key factor when selecting ABFs/BPs?
SENSOR RANGE (not weapons range)
