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histupar lab > Instrumentation in Histopathology (MICROTOMY) > Flashcards

Instrumentation in Histopathology (MICROTOMY) Flashcards

1
Q

When there is rapid diagnosis

A

Freezing Microtome

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2
Q

temperature in a cryostat

A

5 to -30°C
(-20°C)

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3
Q

When histological demonstration of fat is needed

A

Freezing Microtome

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4
Q

Most dangerous type of microtome

A

SLIDING MICROTOME

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5
Q

Especially recommended for cutting extremely hard and
rough tissue blocks

A

SLIDING MICROTOME

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6
Q

Comparatively more stable than the sliding microtome
seen previously

A

Base-sledge Microtome

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7
Q

continuous sections

A

Serial sections

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8
Q

When sensitive tissue constituents to be studies are
damages are destroyed by heat

A

Freezing Microtome

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9
Q

Consists of microtome kept inside a cold chamber which
has been maintained at a temperature between -5 to -30°C (-20°C) by an adjustable thermostat

A

Cryostat

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10
Q

It has a movable exposed knife (moves up/down)

A

SLIDING MICROTOME

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11
Q

When certain neurological structures are to be studied

A

Freezing Microtome

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12
Q

Also known as sectioning

A

MICROTOMY

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13
Q

Dual purpose microtome can produce:
■ Rapid freezing sections for RFS
■ Routine paraffin sections for routine histopathology
lab tests

A

Computerized Microtome

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14
Q

Can cut sections of 4μ with ease

A

Cryostat

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15
Q

The blade is placed in a blade-up position which is relatively dangerous

A

ROTARY MICROTOME

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16
Q

Causes reciprocal motion of the knife over the block

A

flywheel

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17
Q

must be brushed away with soft brush and not allowed to stay in the microtome

A

accumulated paraffin and small pieces of tissues

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18
Q

Most commonly used for rapid preparation of urgent tissue biopsies for intraoperative diagnosis

A

cryostat

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19
Q

2 kinds of sliding microtome

A
  • Base-sledge Microtome
  • Standard sliding microtome
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20
Q

Consist of a heavy base and two arms

A

ROCKING MICROTOME

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21
Q

Cuts the block at a predetermined thickness. It
produces tissue ribbons that are connected to each
other

A

Knife

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22
Q

Invented by Queckett in 1848

A

FREEZING MICROTOME

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23
Q

After drying the machine and knifeh older, the parts should be wiped with

A

xylol

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24
Q

More dangerous than Base-sledge

A

Standard Sliding Microtome

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25
Q

Simplest among the different types of microtome

A

ROCKING MICROTOME

26
Q

cryostat Provides a means of preparing thin sections of fresh
frozen tissues for ________________ or _____________

A
  • fluorescent antibody staining techniques (immunohistochemistry)
  • histochemical enzyme studies (microstructure and enzyme/antigen integrity)
27
Q

Most common type used for both routine and research
laboratories

A

ROTARY Microtome

28
Q

Line up the tissue block in the proper position

A

Adjustment screws

29
Q

Difficulty of reorienting the block

A

ROCKING MICROTOME

30
Q

Developed by Adams in 1789

A

SLIDING MICROTOME

31
Q

Developed mainly for cutting celloidin-embedded
tissue blocks

A

Standard Sliding Microtome

32
Q

Designed for non-contact sectioning inside biological
tissues without causing thermal damage

A

Laser Microtome

33
Q

Can be used for paraffin wax and for tougher embedding
materials like celloidin (resinous / plastic-like medium) and
nitrocellulose (some kind of polymer)

A

SLIDING MICROTOME

34
Q

Primarily used for cutting tissue sections at 0.5 micra for
electron microscopy.

A

Ultrathin Microtome

35
Q

are used to mount tissues in the Cryotome

A

OCT

36
Q

The knife used for cutting the ultrathin sections consists mainly
of selected fragments of broken plate glass.

A
37
Q

Consist of two movable pillars holding the adjustable
knife clamps, allowing the knife to be set at an angle
for cutting celloidin sections

A

Base-sledge Microtome

38
Q

cryostat is Capable of freezing fresh tissue within how many minutes

A

2-3 minutes

39
Q

or lowering temperature of the
knife to facilitate sectioning in frezzing microtome

A

second cooling device

40
Q

in Ultrathin Microtome, The specimen used is small, fixed in ___________, and embedded in ______

A
  • osmium tetroxide
  • plastic
41
Q

Suited for sectioning specimens embedded in all forms
of media

A

Base-sledge Microtome

42
Q

The stage for block holder is hollow and perforated around
its perimeter, attached to a reinforced flexible lead pipe
through which carbon dioxide (freezing agent) passes
from a cylinder

A

FREEZING MICROTOME

43
Q

Designed to cut sections from very hard materials like
undecalcified bone, teeth, glass, and ceramics

A

Saw Microtome

44
Q

Restrictions in size of tissue block that can be cut

A

ROCKING MICROTOME

45
Q

Invented by Minot in 1885-1886

A

Minot Microtome

46
Q

is brought into contact with, and turns a ratchet feed wheel connected to a micrometer screw, which in turn rotated, moving the tissue block at a predetermined distance towards the knife for cutting sections at uniform thickness

A

spring balance teeth or pawl

47
Q

Invented by Paldwell Trefall in 1881

A

Cambridge rocking microtome

48
Q

The block remains stationary while the knife is moved
backward and forward during the process of sectioning

A

Standard Sliding Microtome

49
Q

Operated by the rotation of the flywheel

A

ROTARY MICROTOME

50
Q

sometimes included

A

Copper mesh grid

51
Q

in the ROTARY Microtome, the Thickness of the section being automatically regulated
by the

A

ratchet feed wheel

52
Q

Favored in laboratories where very hard tissue or large
blocks are usually sectioned.

A

Base-sledge Microtome

53
Q

Uses high-speed vibrations produced by safety razor
blades which provide the cutting power, allowing the
resultant cut to be made with less pressure than would
the stationary blade be

A

Vibrating Microtome

54
Q

Mostly used for rigid botanical materials

A

Hand Microtome

55
Q

allows the release of rapid intermittent burst of carbon dioxide in freezing microtome

A

simple lever operated valve

56
Q

Adjust the thickness for the sections

A

Adjustment screws

57
Q

Basic instrument used that is capable of cutting section at a
predetermined thickness by sliding the block into a cutting tool which is fixed and attached to the machine

A

MICROTOME

58
Q

Not recommended for serial sections because tissues are
cut in slightly curved planes

A

ROCKING MICROTOME

59
Q

Holds the tissue

A

Chuck/block/tissue block

60
Q

The knife and the block holder are brought together by
upward and vertical motions

A

ROTARY MICROTOME

61
Q

Used to cut undehydrated tissues in a frozen state

A

Freezing Microtome

histupar lab (18 decks)

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