Insight And Awareness

Question 1

How do hemianopia with and without awareness differ in the brain?

Answer 1

Awareness - occipital junction
Without awareness (anosognosia) - involved parietal lobe

Question 2

What is the objective to subjective spectrum of insight and awareness?

Answer 2

Heniplegia
Sensory loss
Amnesia
Personality change
Hallucination
Delusion
-
Subjective experience

Question 3

How does working memory relate to insight?

Answer 3

Correlation suggests that working memory is necessary for insight

Question 4

How does depression relate to insight?

Answer 4

Greater insight is associated with lower mood

Question 5

What are the three components of insight?

Answer 5

Awareness of illness
Ability to relabel symptoms
Compliance

Question 6

What factors constitute insight?

Answer 6

Intellect
Personality
Culture
Family attitudes
Executive function
Psychopathology
Neurobiology

Question 7

How does cognitive function relate to awareness in first episode psychosis?

Answer 7

Cognitive impairment is directly correlated to loss of awareness

Question 8

What brain areas differ in those with insight vs without?

Answer 8

Medial frontal cortex
Anterior cingulate gyrus
Posterior cingulate gyrus

Question 9

What areas are associated with self appraisal in the brain?

Answer 9

Cortical midline system (anterior cingulate and rostral DLPFC)

Question 10

Self appraisal in what other conditions is affected by the CMS?

Answer 10

Insight of brain injury
Error monitoring in cannabis
Task monitoring in Alzheimer’s
Self monitoring in schizophrenia
Cocaine addicted patients

Question 11

What is a potential treatment for insight in schizophrenia?

Answer 11

Neuromodulation (transcranial direct-current stimulation)