Insecticides and Nerve Gases Flashcards
What are used as insecticides and nerve gases?
Organofluorophosphates
What do Organofluorophosphates inhibit that is irreversible?
acetylcholinesterase
Why is acetylcholinesterase an important enzyme?
It attenuates synaptic transmissions in the nervous system
What causes the release of synaptic vesicles containing acetylcholine>
Afferent nerve depolarization (Presynaptic)
Acetylcholine binds to ______, leading to depolarization of the efferent neuron
ACh receptor
How does Acetylcholinesterase break down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft to acetate and choline?
Hydrolyzation
What does the breakdown of acetylcholine do to nerve responses>
Attenuates
Atropine
an antidote for insecticide or nerve gas poisoning
What do Organofluorophosphates form with active site serine residues?
covalent product
Chymotrypsin
Degestive Enzyme
What are irreversible inhibitors of chymootrypsin?
DIFP
What happeneds when chymotrypsin is treated with DIFP?
Only Ser 195 is derivatized
Why is Ser 195 only responsive with DIFP?
adjacent amino acid residues in the active site make ser 195 more reactive and its in the enzyme’s active sites
Missense mutations can be _______ or ________.
conservative; non-conservative
Conservative Mutations
amino acids with similar properties
