Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AVBS3001- Parasitology > Insect Ectoparasites > Flashcards

Insect Ectoparasites Flashcards

1
Q

Ectoparasites can play triple role of:

A
  1. Parasite
  2. Intermediate Host
  3. Vector
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ARTHROPODA phylum consists of:

A
  1. Insects: Flies, lice, fleas

2. Arachnida: mites, ticks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Vector

A

Animal (often arthropod) that transmits an infective organism from one host to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mechanical vector

A

Transmits organisms directly to recipient host without development or multiplication of organism occurring.

  • Not essential for life cycle of infective organism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Biological vector

A

Intermediate (final) host
- infective organisms undergo development or multiply or both before being transmitted to recipient host.

  • Essential for LC of infective organism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Diptera

A

True flies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Life cycle of Buffalo fly

Haematobia irritans exigua

A

2-3 weeks (like most flies)

  1. Females lay egg on fresh dung
  2. eggs hatch in <24 hrs
  3. Larvae (maggots) in dung for 4-5 days
  4. Puparia in dung or soil 5-7 days
  5. Young adult fly
  6. Fly stays on host to feed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Screwworm fly (Cocliomyia hominivorax)

A
  1. Female flye lays 4 batches of 400 eggs on edge of wound
  2. After 12h, larvae hatches and enters wound for feeding
  3. After 5 days, larvae drops to ground and develops into pupae for 8 days
  4. After 2 days, fly is sexually mature
  • highly aggressive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fly strike on sheep is mostly cause by

A

Lucilia cuprina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Signs of external fly infestation

A
  1. Fly “worry”
    - Restlessness, tail swish, kicking
    - swollen ears, bloody legs
  2. Fly infection and strike:
    - biting at wool or infested area
    - rubbing, itching
    - anaemia from blood loss
    - loss of condition/ death
    - away from other sheep
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Control methods for fly infestation

A
  1. Physical barriers
  2. Fly traps
  3. Insecticides
  4. Mulesing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mosquitoes are vectors for:

A
  1. Protozoa e.g. Malaria
  2. Viruses e.g. Dengue virus
  3. Worms e.g. Heartworm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Phthiraptera Order

A

Lice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lice

A

Spends entire life cycle on host

  • have claws & 6 legs
  • all stages are parasite
  • host specific & region specific
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sub-order: Mallophaga

A

Biting and chewing lice (rounded front, chomps scurf)

  • feed by chewing hairs, skin –> ITCHY
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sub-order: Anoplura

A 
Sucking lice (sharp front end for piercing skin)
--> TRAUMA/ANAEMIA
17
Q

Transmission of lice occurs through:

A

Direct contact but can also occur via fomites

18
Q

Epidemiology of Lice

A
  • obligate parasite
  • Peak infestations in winter
  • Infestations heavier in sheep with poor conditions and already affected by disease (lower immunity)
  • spread by direct contact, but can survive for short periods on combs, fences
  • host specific
19
Q

3 Control of Lice

A
  1. Killed by light (shearing) or water
  2. Chemical control: pour-ons after shearing
  3. Dipping shears between animals
20
Q

Lice diagnosis

A
  1. Sheep rubbing against fences, fleece tags
  2. Fleece partins to look for lice
  3. Biting lice present on woolly areas
  4. sucking lice on hairy skin
  5. Use lice detection test
21
Q

Are sucking lice more or less active than biting lice?

A

Sucking lice are less active than biting lice

22
Q

Why is winter the peak production for lice?

A

In summer, skin temps and humidity is unsuitable for lice reproduction

23
Q

Flea features

A
  1. Exoskeleton
  2. 6 legs
  3. Head, abdomen, thorax
  4. Genal & pronatal combs
  5. Lateral compression
  6. no wings
  7. Body has scales and hairs
24
Q

Why are fleas so hard to catch?

A

They can jump high due to protein resilin in their leg hinge (97% elasticity)

25
Q

Flea cycle

A

3 weeks cycle

-egg to larvae to pupa to adult flea

26
Q

Flea bites

A

are painful. When hypersensitivity developes–> itchy

Skin trauma occurs and skin thickens

27
Q

Diagnosis of fleas

A

lesions including flea and flea dirt

28
Q

Flea epidemiology

A
  • development increases with warmth and humidity
  • eggs fall to ground and larvae and pupae survive in carpet and soil
  • pupae respond to vibrate so hatch only when host is near
  • most are in animal’s environment
29
Q

Control of fleas

A

Vacuum, wash blankets, treat and remove all flea reservoirs (other pets)

30
Q

Treat fleas

A

Using flea treatment that kills fleas rapidly after feeding and before and can develop will deplete the environment of larvae and pupae

AVBS3001- Parasitology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions