Inorganic stuff to learn Flashcards
ideal gas equation
pV=nRT p=pressure(Pa) V=volume(m3) n=no of moles R=gas constant(see data sheet) T=temp(K)(+273)
% uncertainty=
absolute uncertainty/measured value x100%
1st ionisation energy
the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of atoms in the gas phase
electronegativity
a measure of the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract the electrons of a shared pair to itself
making bleach
Cl2+2NaOH->NaCl+NaClO+H2O -disproportionation (NaClO=chloric (I) acid=bleach)
standard enthalpy of formation
the enthalpy change that occurs when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard states under standard conditions
standard enthalpy of combustion
the enthalpy change that occurs when one mole of a substance is completely burned in oxygen, converted to standard conditions
enthalpy change calculations
Q=mcT Q=energy(J),m=mass of water that undergoes temp change,c=specific heat capacity of water,T=temp change of water H=Q/n Q=energy(kJ),n=moles of reactant
dynamic equilibrium properties
conc. of reactants and products are constant
rate of forward and backward reactions are the same
rates: k=
rate/[A]^n[B}^m
or
ln2/half life
units of k
(moldm-3)^(1-n) s-1
n=overall order of reaction
exponential factor of Arrhenius
proportion of molecules that have sufficient energy for a reaction to take place
pre-exponential term of Arrhenius
accounts for frequency of collisions with correct orientation
Arrhenius theory
acids produce H+ in solution
bases produce OH- in solution
Bronsted-Lowry theory
acids donate a proton
bases accept proton
Lewis theory
acids accept lone pair
bases donate lone pair
