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Dermatology 1 > Inner ear > Flashcards

Inner ear Flashcards

1
Q

What is conductive hearing loss?

A

Hearing loss due to outer/middle ear issues

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2
Q

Where picks up high frequence/low frequncey?

A

Initial section of the cochlea is high frequencies, lower frequencies are picked up by the distal (further away aspects of the cochlea)

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3
Q

What is the tonotopic arrangement, where do these nerves end up?

A

Nerves from initial to distal parts of the cochlea staying in order to the acoustic area of the temporal lobe

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4
Q

Hearing loss simple test

A

Just so they cant see you and whisper/talk

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5
Q

What are the tuning fork tests

A

Weber and Rinne

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6
Q

Weber test

A

Tests for which ear W = symmetrical, decides which ear the has the hearing loss.

If conductive hearing loss, it will be heard in the bad ear. If sensorineural hearing loss it will be heard in the good ear

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7
Q

Rinne test

A

Singular ear test (R looks like 1 single odd ear, can differentiate if it is conductive or non conductive hearing loss)

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8
Q

What is a sign of conductive hearing loss?

A

If in Rinne bone will be louder than air.

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9
Q

Useful frequency for speach

A
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10
Q

What is an air bone gap

A
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11
Q

What test is used in new born children to measure hearing loss?

A
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12
Q

What does a Typanometry tell you?

A
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13
Q

Types of hearing aids and their uses

A
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14
Q

Oltolith organs

A

Utricle and Saccule

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15
Q

structure of if how we cotrol balance

A

Otolith organs = hair cells in fluid with otoliths ontop. Move/accelarate then hairs move and increase firing rate

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16
Q

What is the Vestibulo-ocular reflex/?

A

Enables you to keep looking at a point even when the head is moving, so if head moves one way then the eyes will move equally in the opposite direction

17
Q

What is the balance part of the ear?

A

vestibule (consistin of the 2 otalith organs (Utricle and Saccule)

18
Q

Vestibular nerve and cochlear nerve cobine to what? Sensory epithelium in the otolith organs

A

vestibulocochlear nerve
In Otolith organs its the macula

19
Q

difference between vestibule and cochlear?

A

Vestibule has a constant firing rate and will increase with movement

20
Q

What are Otoliths mad eof? What is their purpose?

A

CALCIUM Carbonate. The sit on top on the Otolith organs and help increase momentum.

21
Q

What is the purpose of the semi-circular canals?

A

Determine position of the head in space

22
Q

What are the three systems we use for balance?

A

visual, proprioceptive and vestibular (ear)

23
Q

3 clinical conditions of the inner ear that effects balance

A

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Vestibular Neuritis
Meniere’s disease

24
Q

What happens if there is calcium carbonate in the canal?

A

So if some of the otolinth (calcium Carbonate) breaks off and enters into the ear canal, then it means that there is more momentum for the hairs that detect head position in the ear canal and so it thinks that there is more rotation going on than there is.

25
Q

What is nstagmus?

A

Involuntary eye movement caused because the usually there is a part of the Otolinth in th ear canal and so the Vestibulo-ocular reflex keeps the eye movment going even when your not actually moving

26
Q

Wher is the most likely place for broiken off otolith to drop in? WHat type of nstagmus is it?

A

The posterior and then the lateral one, causes eye movements in the oposite direction

27
Q

Dix - HAllpike manouver tests for whta type of vertigo?

A

Posterior nstalgus due to the otolinth being in the posterior canal.

28
Q

What is the treatment for the benign Paroxysmal POsitional Vretigo?

A

Epley manouvre

29
Q

Vestibular neuritis clinical presentation a

A

Vertigo/dizziness lasting up to aday. Can inc. nausea and vom. Viral damage to vestibular nerve.

30
Q

Labyrinthtis signs and symptoms

A

Acute onset vertigo, inc. nausea and vommiting. Hearing loss, nystagmus if seen early enough.

May be due ot measles, mmps or infectious mononucleosis

31
Q

Menieres disase

A

TRiad of:
-vertigo
-hearing loss
-tinnitus

episodic

Could be due to endolymphatic hydrops

32
Q

Common condition of recurrant vertigo

A

migranes

Dermatology 1 (16 decks)

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