innate vs adaptive immune syst Flashcards
compare innate vs adaptive immunity
nonspecific , flexible defenvs vs specific
can recognize microbial ft of pathogens vs must furst **adapt to info *
FAST: respond within min-hr vs days- weeks
neutrophile, eosinophi & basophil
granule contain enzyme + antimicrobial agnet
mainly leukocytes
can move out circulation to phagocytose (envelop) pathogens
monocyte -> macrphage
lil leukocytes
patrolling invader, also a phagocyte
describe the lymphatic system: function & anatomy
1 primary tissue & 2 tissue
deliver O2 & nutrients while remove waswte
- Vessels connects to nodes which filter fluid ○ Nodes contain macrophages & dendritic cells - Primary lymphoid tissues: thymus & bone marrow = where B & T cell forms - Seconary tissues: spleen, lymph nodes = where mature immune cells & pathogens interact
list the components of physical barrier
skin- separate into epidermis & dermis
when outer epidermis sloughed off, attached microbes removed
mucus membrane:
- globet cell secrete mucus
- epithelial lining has cilia, which sweep mucus and microbes / allergens/ particulates towards pharynx
recognition phase
TRL binds to PAMP
phagocytosis by phagocytes occur
releases complement and interferon
activation phase
TRL binds to PAMP
phagocytosis by phagocytes occur
effector phase
phagocytosis and inflammation limits and destroys the pathogen
complement enhances the response
interferon targetrs viral pathogen
blood composed of plasma + _____ -> platelets -> blood cells orignated in ___ ______ of ________ _____ stem cells
serum ? bone marrow ? multipotential, hematopoetic
how neutrophil kills + platelet kills the pathogen
neutrophil binds to PAMP: - disintergrate nuclear envelope
- mixes cytoplasmic and nuclear protein, DNA
- - forms** NET = nuclear extracellular trap** -> kill pathogen
platelets binds to PAMP: activates neutrophjil to ….
why does inflammation matter in innate innumity
bcs it’s the body short-term response to injudry
indues redness, heat and swlling
macrophage secreates cytokines = vasodilation
basophils & mast cells secretes** histamines **< vascular permeability
why low-mid fever is beneficial to immune defense
inhibits microbial growth, inactivates bacterial toxin, enhances phagocytosis
why moderate fever is benefical to host defense
produces pyrogens = fever producing substances
deny blood to the skin while keeping heat in the body via vasonsctriction
adaptive immune system is specific
recognizes ___ on _____
antibodies binds to ____ region of antigen
Tolerance of self while targeting nonself
- Your own cell has a specific shape that doesnnt elicit an immune response while any autoreactive cells binded to antigen will undergo _______
Minimal self dagamage to nearby ____ cells bt still kill ______
Has an _____ ___= long term memory that rmb past ____
when meet = ____, do better
antigen / pathogen
epitote
apoptosis
healthy / pathogen
immunological memory / pathogen
antigen
recognizes epitotes w/ surface repcor on plasma membrane
epitotes bind to antigen
splits into plasma cells, secreing antibodies
function of B cells in hummoral immunity
