Innate immunity Flashcards
Describe innate immunity
no memory
not antigen specific
rapid onset
What are physical barriers of innate immunity?
skin, mucous membranes
What are humoral barriers of innate immunity?
complement system
What are cellular barriers of innate immunity?
phagocytosis, NK cells
What are mechanical barriers?
mechanical removal of infectious microorganisms to prevent entry
Give examples of chemical barriers:
fatty acids, low pH, surfactants, lysozyme
How do normal body microbiota act as a barrier?
secrete inhibitory substances, outcrowd pathogens
What is lactoferrin/ and transferin?
iron binding (bacteria cannot grow without iron)
What is responsible for an increase in temperature during inflammation
interleukin-1
What receptor is responsible for macrophage binding for phagocytosis?
Fc receptors
Describe the process of phagocytosis
chemotaxis binding surround natured object with pseudopodia endocytosis enclosure within the phagosome phagosome fuses with the lysosome Digestion
What are the two pathways of intracellular killing for NK cells?
oxidative pathway (formation of toxic reactive oxygen species) non-oxidative pathway (lysozymes)
What is a pattern recognition receptor (PRR)?
receptors that recognize certain molecular patterns produced by a microorganism (ex. toll like receptors)
What are pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)?
repetitive signals released by microbial pathogens and not host tissue
What are damage associated molecular patterns? (DAMPs)?
endogenous molecules released by damaged tissue
