Inflammation

Question 1

What is acute inflammation?

Answer 1

fight against early stages of infection, preps body for repair

Question 2

What is chronic inflammation?

Answer 2

dominating presence of macrophages in damaged tissue

Question 3

what are the hallmark signs of inflammation?

Answer 3

heat, swelling, redness, pain, loss of function

Question 4

Describe how inflammation occurs

Answer 4

injury> vasodilation> large volume of blood to the area> fluid accumulation> leukocytes adhere to injured area> phagocytosis of invaders> healing

Question 5

What are the mediators of inflammation?

Answer 5

pro-inflammatory cytokines
complement 
prostaglandins 
leukotrienes
vasoactive amines (histamine, serotonin)
platelet activating factor
plasma proteases

Question 6

What are the two important stages of inflammation?

Answer 6

vascular

cellular

Question 7

describe the vascular stage of inflammation:

Answer 7

vasoconstriction (short)
vasodilation (sustained)
passive vasodilation (vessels become "leaky")

Question 8

describe the cellular stage of inflammation:

Answer 8

movement of leukocytes into the damaged area through the leaky vessels

Question 9

What are the steps of leukocytes migration into damaged tissue?

Answer 9

chemotaxis
rolling
migration
phagocytosis

Question 10

What allows leukocytes to migrate to an area of injury?

Answer 10

CAM (cell adhesion molecules)

Question 11

What is extravasation?

Answer 11

movement of leukocytes out of vessels and into damaged tissue