Innate immune System Flashcards
What are the two divisions of the immune system
Innate and adaptive
What is the difference between innate wnd adaptive system
Adaptive is more specific making plasma b cells
What is the innate immune system
First line of defence, non specific immune system
What are external parts of innate systm
Eye skin urogenital(lysozyme/ vaginal lactic acid) gi tract ( normal flora/ stomach acidity) respiratory tract (coughing/sneezing)
How do pathogens enter body
Cuts burns drugs sharing of needles breathing in respiratory aerosols bacteria in gi
Whats second line of defence
Innate side kicks in
Pathogens have surface molecules which bind to cell receptors = cellular damage
Where do immune cells generate
Haempoietic stem cell = erthroud stem cell/lymphoid stem cell
What is the function of innate system
Recruit immune cells to site of infection through production of chem factors cytokines
This activates complement cascade to identify bacteria/ activate cells and clear antibodies
Identify &remove foreign substances
Activate adaptive immune systems
What is the internal portion of imnnate system
Phagocytic cells complement proteins antigen presenting cells
What is phagocytosis
Process of endocytosis which a macrophage is engulfed and digested by lysosome and removed by cell through exocytosis
What are complement proteins
Plasma glycoproteins
What are the functions of complm proteins
Membrane attack complexes- form a pore within bacterial membrane, causes burst through osmotic lysis
Chemotaxis- movement of cells in response to chemical stimulus
Opsonisation- increases the susceptibility of bacteria to be ingested by phagocytic cell
What is inflammation
Complex pathophysiologic process
Lead to tumor redness warmth and loss of function
Response of body to bacteria
What are the two important producers kf kmmune cells
Bone marrow & lymphoid nodules
Describe function of mast cells
Master regulators of immune system
Contain storage sacs containing mediators
What are macrophages
Professional phagocytes specialised in removal of dying dead cells, important in chronic inflammation
What are denritic cells
Professional antigen processing cells
During infection and cancer
What are natiral killer cells
Removing cancer cells, and virally infective cells
What are basophils and eosinophils
Basophils- release histamine and heparin - blood vessels dilate
Eosinophils- ingest foregin substances
What is the purpose of lymphatic system
Transport lymph
Whats the primary lymph system
Bone marrow/thymus
Whats the function of thymus and bone marrow
Thymus support growth and differentiation of T cells progenitors and transport immune cells around body
What is MALT
Small concs if lymph tissue scattered along mucosal lining
Whats the role of spleen
Produce immune response against blood borne antigens
What are the two divisions of the immune system and subdivision
Innate - external /internal
Adaptive- humoral / mediated immune response
How do we become infected?
Through skin burns/ breathing of aerosols/ sharing of needles
What are the 3 functions if complement system
Chemotaxis- secretion of chemical mediators
MAT
Opsonisation- make cells sticky so prone to being destroyed
What are the two substances that basophils release
Histamine/ heparin
What are the 2 primary lymphoid organs
Bone marrow/ thymus
Desrube process of phagocytosis
Phagocyte binds to bacteria/bacteria enters cell through endocytosis/ engulfment/ lysosyme breaks bacteria down/ bacteria comps released through exocytosis
Which lymphocyte secretes antibodies
Plasma b cels
