Innate immune System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two divisions of the immune system

A

Innate and adaptive

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2
Q

What is the difference between innate wnd adaptive system

A

Adaptive is more specific making plasma b cells

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3
Q

What is the innate immune system

A

First line of defence, non specific immune system

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4
Q

What are external parts of innate systm

A

Eye skin urogenital(lysozyme/ vaginal lactic acid) gi tract ( normal flora/ stomach acidity) respiratory tract (coughing/sneezing)

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5
Q

How do pathogens enter body

A

Cuts burns drugs sharing of needles breathing in respiratory aerosols bacteria in gi

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6
Q

Whats second line of defence

A

Innate side kicks in
Pathogens have surface molecules which bind to cell receptors = cellular damage

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7
Q

Where do immune cells generate

A

Haempoietic stem cell = erthroud stem cell/lymphoid stem cell

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8
Q

What is the function of innate system

A

Recruit immune cells to site of infection through production of chem factors cytokines
This activates complement cascade to identify bacteria/ activate cells and clear antibodies
Identify &remove foreign substances
Activate adaptive immune systems

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9
Q

What is the internal portion of imnnate system

A

Phagocytic cells complement proteins antigen presenting cells

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10
Q

What is phagocytosis

A

Process of endocytosis which a macrophage is engulfed and digested by lysosome and removed by cell through exocytosis

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11
Q

What are complement proteins

A

Plasma glycoproteins

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12
Q

What are the functions of complm proteins

A

Membrane attack complexes- form a pore within bacterial membrane, causes burst through osmotic lysis
Chemotaxis- movement of cells in response to chemical stimulus
Opsonisation- increases the susceptibility of bacteria to be ingested by phagocytic cell

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13
Q

What is inflammation

A

Complex pathophysiologic process
Lead to tumor redness warmth and loss of function
Response of body to bacteria

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14
Q

What are the two important producers kf kmmune cells

A

Bone marrow & lymphoid nodules

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15
Q

Describe function of mast cells

A

Master regulators of immune system
Contain storage sacs containing mediators

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16
Q

What are macrophages

A

Professional phagocytes specialised in removal of dying dead cells, important in chronic inflammation

17
Q

What are denritic cells

A

Professional antigen processing cells
During infection and cancer

18
Q

What are natiral killer cells

A

Removing cancer cells, and virally infective cells

19
Q

What are basophils and eosinophils

A

Basophils- release histamine and heparin - blood vessels dilate
Eosinophils- ingest foregin substances

20
Q

What is the purpose of lymphatic system

A

Transport lymph

21
Q

Whats the primary lymph system

A

Bone marrow/thymus

22
Q

Whats the function of thymus and bone marrow

A

Thymus support growth and differentiation of T cells progenitors and transport immune cells around body

23
Q

What is MALT

A

Small concs if lymph tissue scattered along mucosal lining

24
Q

Whats the role of spleen

A

Produce immune response against blood borne antigens

25
Q

What are the two divisions of the immune system and subdivision

A

Innate - external /internal
Adaptive- humoral / mediated immune response

26
Q

How do we become infected?

A

Through skin burns/ breathing of aerosols/ sharing of needles

27
Q

What are the 3 functions if complement system

A

Chemotaxis- secretion of chemical mediators
MAT
Opsonisation- make cells sticky so prone to being destroyed

28
Q

What are the two substances that basophils release

A

Histamine/ heparin

29
Q

What are the 2 primary lymphoid organs

A

Bone marrow/ thymus

30
Q

Desrube process of phagocytosis

A

Phagocyte binds to bacteria/bacteria enters cell through endocytosis/ engulfment/ lysosyme breaks bacteria down/ bacteria comps released through exocytosis

31
Q

Which lymphocyte secretes antibodies

A

Plasma b cels