Innate Host Resistance Flashcards
1
Q
What is susceptibility?
A
Lack of resistance to a disease.
2
Q
What is immunity?
A
Ability to ward off disease.
3
Q
What is the immune system?
A
Recognizes foreign substances or microbes and acts to neutralize or destroy them.
4
Q
What is innate immunity?
A
Defenses against any pathogen.
5
Q
What is adaptive immunity?
A
Immunity or resistance to a specific pathogen.
6
Q
What is the first line of defense in innate immunity?
A
- intact skin
- mucous membranes and their secretions
- normal microbiota
7
Q
What is involved in the second line of defense of the innate immunity?
A
- phagocytes, such as neutrophils, eosinophils, dendritic cells, and macrophages
- inflammation
- fever
- antimicrobial substances
8
Q
What is involved in the third line of defense in adaptive immunity?
A
- specialized lymphocytes: T cells and B cells
- antibodies
9
Q
What is the first line of defense against microbes?
A
Barriers
10
Q
What is the effectiveness of physical barriers in nonspecific (innate) resistance impacted by?
A
- direct factors
> nutrition, physiology, fever, age, and genetics - indirect factors
> personal hygiene, socioeconomic status, and living conditions
