Innate and Adaptive Immunity Flashcards
Lymphocytes
cells that specifically recognize and respond to foreign antigens
Accessory cells
-macrophages and dendritic cells
-Function as antigen presenting cells by the processing of a complex antigen into epitopes required for the activation of lymphocytes
cytokines
soluble proteins secreted by the cells of both the innate and adaptive immunity
chemokines
cytokines that stimulate the migration and activation of immune and inflammatory cells
colony stimulating factors
stimulate the growth and differentiation of bone marrow progenitors of immune cells
The complement system
-found in the blood and is essential for the activity of antibodies
-activation increases bacterial aggregation, which renders them more susceptible to phagocytosis
Humoral immunity
-adaptive immunity
-mediated by molecules in the blood
-principle defense against extracellular microbes and toxins
cellular immunity
-adaptive immunity
- mediated by specific T lymphocytes
-Defends against intracellular microbes such as viruses
Regulatory cells
Assist in orchestrating and controlling the immune response
effector cells
-accomplishes the final stages of immune response with elimination of the antigen
Antigens
are substances foreign to the host that can stimulate an immune response
Antibodies
recognize antigens, receptors on immune cells, secreted proteins
active immunity
specific protection induced following exposure to antigens
passive immunity
specific protection induced through transfer of protective antibodies against an antigen
Fetal development of immune response
-5 to 6 weeks
