Injury, Inflammation, Healing, And Repair Flashcards
T/f: inflammation occurs the same in all body tissues
False, inflammation is different in different tissues
What is Wolff’s law?
Bones remodel based on stress and disuse
What can aberrant or excessive forces lead to?
Enlargement of prominences or spurs
At any point in time, what percentage of our total bone mass is being recycled?
5%
What are the signs of inflammation (inflammatory components)?
Heat, redness, swelling, pain, loss of fxn
What are some stimuli of inflammation?
Pathogens, toxins, trauma, allergens, irritants, microbials
What are the goals of the inflammatory process?
To eliminate the cause, clear out damaged tissues, and facilitate tissue repair
The inflammatory process starts with what cells in the tissues?
Mast cells or macrophages
What do macrophages do in the inflammatory process?
They are the garbage pails of the body that eat up pathogens
They act on endothelial cells of the nearby capillaries to create separation
What do mast cells contain?
Inflammatory mediators (histamine, serotonin, cytokines, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins)
What do endothelial cells do in the inflammatory process?
They increase vascular permeability and release nitric acid to vasodilate (balloons up the area)
What are the first leukocytes to be recruited in acute inflammation?
Neutrophils
What do neutrophils do?
They gobble up pathogens via phagocytosis and then commit suicide to destroy itself and all the pathogens it consumed
What process causes pus and wound drainage?
Neutrophils going through phagocytosis
What are T lymphocytes?
T cells produced in the thymus for immune protection
T/f: T lymphocytes are also recruited to fight off pathogens in inflammation
True
If there is a wound, what in the plasma helps clot blood to stop the bleeding and prevent pathogens from entering the blood?
Platelets and clotting factors
Small injuries replace the damaged tissue with ____
Restoring the original tissue integrity
Large injuries replace damaged tissue with _____
A fibrous scar
What signals the body to stop the healing process?
Injury current of one polarity changing to another
What is a sign of dysfunction in the healing process where the body doesn’t know when to stop?
Keloids
T/f: nutrition is a huge factor for both prevention and healing of wounds
True
T/f: calcium and vitamin D can decrease fx risk 15-30%
True
What vitamin/mineral is important to cartilage?
Sulfur