Injuries To Head And Brain. Ch 17

Question 0

If the brain is deprived of oxygen it can quickly develop permanent brain damage after only how many minutes

Answer 0

4 to 6 minutes

Question 1

Signs of Basilar skull fracture (4)

Answer 1

Clear fluid (cerebrospinal fluid) leaking from the nose or an ear canal

Bleeding from inside either ear canal

Bruising and swelling behind the ear (battles sign)

Bruising around both eyes (raccoon eyes)

Question 2

Inadequate perfusion a.k.a.

Answer 2

Ischemia (ie distribution)

Question 3

Criteria for brain injury RTC (5)

Answer 3

GCS of 13 or less

Difference in left and right pupil size of more than 1 mm and sluggish response to light

Unexplained extremity weakness or paralysis regardless of the GCS

Depressed skull fracture

Open penetrating head injuries

Question 4

The two types of strokes are

Answer 4

Ischemic

Hemorrhagic

Question 5

Ischemic strokes

Answer 5

Caused by the blockage or narrowing of a cerebral artery

Question 6

Hemorrhagic strokes

Answer 6

Caused by the rupture of a cerebral artery

Question 7

Inadequate oxygenation

Answer 7

Hypoxia (that is supply)

Question 8

Six ways that brain tissue can be injured

Answer 8

Concussion

Direct damage to brain tissue

Injuries to blood vessels

Inadequate oxygenation (hypoxia)

Inadequate perfusion (ischemia)

Combinations of any or all of the above

Question 9

Increasing intracranial pressure could include these signs

Answer 9

At decreasing LOC overtime

Persistent vomiting

A slowing and strengthening of the pulse into the range of 40 to 50 beats per minutes

Increasing pupil size or inequality of the pupils