Injuries

Question 1

EQ. Compare acute and chronic injuries. (2 marks)

Answer 1

• acute injuries are gained through trauma and develops quickly
• chronic injuries are gained through overuse and are developed over time

Question 2

EQ. Give a sporting example of an acute injury and a chronic injury

Answer 2

• fractured leg from a tackle

- tennis elbow

Question 3

EQ. During a netball match, a player suffers an ankle injury. The coach assesses the injury using ‘SALTAPS’ and suspects a sprained ankle. Describe the treatment the coach should apply to manage this injury. (5 marks)

Answer 3

• protect the injury by using crutches to prevent further damage
• rest the injury by not standing to allow healing
• ice the injury using an ice pack to prevent swelling
• compress the injury using bandages to reduce swelling
• elevate the injury above heart level to reduce blood flow
• use anti-inflammatories

Question 4

EQ. Outline the physiological implications of a warm up that would be beneficial to a games player before a match. (4 marks)

Answer 4

• increase heart rate to increase blood flow
• vasodilation in blood vessels to increase blood flow
• increased elasticity to reduce risk of injury
• increased recruitment of motor units
• increased enzyme activity

Question 5

EQ. Critically evaluate the use of cooling aids as a means of performance enhancement. (4 marks)

Answer 5

\+ve prevent dehydration
\+ve reduce swelling
\+ve vasocontriction to reduce blood flow
-ve can lead to over-exertion
-ve mask injuries
-ve ice burns

Question 6

Identify 4 common anlke injuries

Answer 6

• strain
• sprain
• dislocation
• fracture

Question 7

EQ. Describe the terms ‘active’ and ‘passive’ in reference to the assessment of sporting injuries using SALTAPS. (2 marks)

Answer 7

• asking a performer to move the injury without assistance

- someone else moving the injury

Question 8

EQ. Outline what is meant by the term ‘exercise-induced muscle damage’. Describe a sporting situation that may cause exercise-induced muscle damage. (2 marks)

Answer 8

• muscle tears

- plyometric training

Question 9

EQ. Explain two extrinsic risk factors that may cause injury in sport or physical exercise. Use practical examples to support your answer. (4 marks)

Answer 9

• incorrect technique
• e.g poor lifting technique of a weightlifter
• overtraining
• e.g overuse chronic injury like tennis elbow