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Pharmacology 1 > Injectable Anesthetics > Flashcards

Injectable Anesthetics Flashcards

1
Q

What drugs are categorized under Barbiturates?

A

Thiopental
Methohexital
Pentobarbital

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2
Q

Ketamine and Tiletamine are part of what subclass?

A

Dissociative Anesthetics

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3
Q

Etomidate is part of what subclass?

A

Imidazole Anesthetics

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4
Q

What receptor does Thiopental work at?

A

GABA

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5
Q

What receptor does Methohexital work at?

A

GABA

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6
Q

What receptor does Pentobarbital work at?

A

GABA

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7
Q

What receptor does Propofol work at?

A

GABA

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8
Q

What receptor does Alphaxalone work at?

A

GABA

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9
Q

What receptor does Ketamine work at?

A

NMDA antagonist

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10
Q

What receptor does Tiletamine work at?

A

NMDA antagonist

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11
Q

What receptor does Etomidate work at?

A

GABA

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12
Q

Clinical uses for Thiopental

A

Induction of anesthesia

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13
Q

Clinical uses for Methohexital

A

Induction of anesthesia in Greyhounds

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14
Q

Clinical uses for Pentobarbital

A

Euthanasia

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15
Q

Clinical uses for Propofol

A

Anesthesia (fast onset, short acting)
CRI (wears off quickly)
Anticonvulsant

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16
Q

Clinical uses for Alphaxalone

A

Rapid induction and recovery

Better for cats (not available in the US)

17
Q

Clinical uses for Ketamine

A

Used in cats and monkeys
Restraint
Induction of anesthesia
Anesthesia for minor surgery

18
Q

Clinical uses for Tiletamine

A

Used in cats and dogs
Restraint
Induction of anesthesia
Anesthesia for minor surgery

19
Q

Clinical uses for Etomidate

A

Induction of patients with cardiac disease

Cardiovascular stability

20
Q

Side effects of Barbiturates

A 
Excitement (give sedative)
Decreased intracranial pressure (except Methohexital)
Respiratory depression (in fetus too)
Cardiac depression
Hypothermia
Muscle relaxation
Long recovery
Excitement in horses
21
Q

Side effects of Propofol and Alphaxalone

A

Hypotension: no reflex tachycardia with Propofol, reflex tachycardia with Alphaxalone
Decreased intracranial pressure
Decreased metabolic O2 consumption
Apnea

22
Q

Side effects of Dissociative Anesthetics

A 
Cardio stimulation
Muscle tremors and hypertonicity
Respiratory depression at high dose
Increased heart rate and blood pressure initially
Increased intracranial pressure
23
Q

Side effects of Etomidate

A 
Decreased intracranial and intraocular pressure
Decreased cerebral flow
Decreased metabolic O2 consumption
NO CRI
Adrenal suppression
24
Q

Contraindications of Barbiturates

A

Greyhounds - don’t have oxidative enzymes so stays around longer
Reflex tachycardia - not good for heart disease
CROSSES PLACENTA

25
Q

Contraindications of Propofol

A

Local pain on injection

Heinz body formation with long-term use

26
Q

Contraindications of Alphaxalone

A

Hypotension

Decreased epinephrine induced arrhythmias

27
Q

Contraindications of Dissociative Anesthetics

A

Cardiac disease
Liver and kidney disease
Head trauma (because of increased intracranial pressure)
Glaucoma (because of increased intracranial pressure)

28
Q

Contraindications of Etomidate

A

Generalized tonic/clonic seizures

Hyopadrenocorticism

29
Q

Special considerations for Thiopental

A

Ultra short acting

30
Q

Special considerations for Methohexital

A

Ultra short acting

31
Q

Special considerations for Pentobarbital

A

Lasts 1-2 hours

32
Q

Special considerations for Propofol

A

“White drug”
Good for CNS diseased patients
Fast induction, no accumulation
Propoflo 28 is stable for 28 days

33
Q

Special considerations for Alphaxalone

A

Fast induction, no accumulation

34
Q

Special considerations for Dissociative Anesthetics

A

Cover eyes
Good PO and rectal absorption
F = ~40%

35
Q

Special considerations for Etomidate

A

Slow onset
Increased likelihood of seizures
Bad for epilepsy

Pharmacology 1 (8 decks)

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