Inheritance + variation

Question 1

Chromosomes

Answer 1

Thread-like structures in the nucleus of a cell. They are made of DNA

Question 2

Gene

Answer 2

A gene is a length of DNA along a chromosome.
We have 2 genes for each trait: one from each parent
The environment can affect the outcomes of some genes
(Gene expression—> Genes + Environment)

Question 3

Define Mendelian Inheritance

Answer 3

• Inheritance is the way traits are passed from parents to offspring
• Non-inherited traits do not involve genes (e.g. Languages)
• Inherited traits do involve genes (e.g. eye colours)

Question 4

Define sexual reproduction

Answer 4

It involves 2 parents
(Variation)

Question 5

Define Asexual reproduction

Answer 5

Involves 1 parent only
(No variation)

Question 6

Define Variation

Answer 6

Members of the same species differ

Question 7

Define Species

Answer 7

A group of organism that can breed with each other to produce fertile offspring

Question 8

What is Mendelian Crosses?

Answer 8

A genetic cross shows how certain genes are inherited by offspring from their parents

Question 9

Define Expressed gene

Answer 9

This is when a protein controlled by a gene is actually made

Question 10

Define Genotype

Answer 10

The genes that an organism possesses

Question 11

Define Phenotype

Answer 11

The traits that can be seen in the organisms

Question 12

Define Dominant

Answer 12

A gene that prevents another gene from being expressed

Question 13

Define Recessive

Answer 13

A gene that is prevented from being expressed