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GIT Anatomy > Inguinal region, testes & scrotum > Flashcards

Inguinal region, testes & scrotum Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What is the inguinal lig. 2. what does it form 3. where does it extend from
A
  1. fibrous, thickened, folded margin (inferior edge) of the ext oblique aponeurosis 2. floor of inguinal canal 3. extends from ASIS -> pubic tubercle
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2
Q

What is the lacunar lig.

A

Deeper fibres of ext oblique aponeurosis pass posteriorly to attach lateral to pubic tubercle, forming an arch (blue)

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3
Q

What is the pectineal lig.

A

Most lateral lacunar ligament fibres continue to run along pecten pubis Medial to femoral canal (purple)

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4
Q

What is the reflected inguinal lig.

A

Superior fibres of ext oblique aponeurosis and lacunar lig fan upwards crossing the linea alba instead of inserting into pubic tubercle (see Anatomy 2)

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5
Q

Anterior wall of the inguinal canal

A

External oblique aponeurosis (pink)

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6
Q

Posterior wall of inguinal canal

A

Transversalis fascia (purple)

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7
Q

Roof of inguinal canal

A

Conjoint tendon, forming arching fibres of internal oblique & transversus abdominis aponeuroses (turqoise)

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8
Q

Floor of inguinal canal

A

Inguinal ligament (green)

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9
Q

What is the superficial inguinal ring

A

Opening in the ext oblique aponeurosis

exit of inguinal canal

located superolateral to pubic tubercle

medial to inf epigastric vessels (artery and vein)

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10
Q

What is the deep inguinal ring

A

Opening in the transversalis fascia

entrance of the inguinal canal

located 1/2 way along inguinal ligament

lateral to inf epigastric vessels (artery & vein)

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11
Q

how long is the inguinal canal

A

4cm

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12
Q

Contents of inguinal canal in females

A

Narrower canal

  1. ROUND LIG OF UTERUS
  2. Ilioinguinal nerve
  3. genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
  4. blood and lymphatic vessels
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13
Q

Contents of inguinal canal in males

A

Wider canal

  1. SPERMATIC CORD
  2. ilioinguinal nerve
  3. genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
  4. blood and lymphatic vessels
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14
Q

SPERMATIC CORD

  1. What is it
  2. where does it begin
  3. where does it travel through
  4. where does it emerge at
    1. where does it end
A
  1. Suspends testis in the scrotum and contains the structures that run to and from the testis
  2. Deep inguinal ring
  3. inguinal canal
  4. superficial inguinal ring
  5. scrotum
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15
Q

Descent of the testes and coverings of the spermatic cord and scrotum

A
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16
Q

COVERINGS

What is the ext spermatic fascia derived from

A

Ext oblique muscle

17
Q

COVERINGS

What is the cremaster fascia & muscle

  1. Derived from
  2. innervated by
A
  1. Investing fascia of int oblique
  2. striated and innervated by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve to elevate testis (GSE) - for protection
18
Q

What is the internal spermatic fascia derived from

A

Transversalis fascia

19
Q

Contents of spermatic cord

A

All Doctor Love Taking Care Of Patient’s Giraffes

Artery to ductus deferens

Ductus (Vas) deferens

Lymphatic vessels

Testicular artery

Cremasteric artery (& vein)

Remnant of Obliterated processus vaginalis

Pampniform plexus of veins - right drains to IVC & left drains to left renal vein

Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve (GSE)

20
Q

What is the scrotum

A

Part of male external genitalia and is a cutaneous muscular sac that has a variable/wrinkled appearance

21
Q

What is the rugose appearance of the scrotum due to

A

SM fibres (Dartos muscle) that are extremely thin and insert on the skin

22
Q

How does the scrotum protect the testes

A

By regulating temperature as it can decrease the exposed SA of skin

23
Q

What does the scrotum develop from

A

2 labioscrotal swellings that fuse to form a pouch

  • divided internally - scrotal septum (continuation of dartos fascia)
  • demarked externally - scrotal raphe
24
Q

What are dartos muscle and superficial fascia derived from

A

Scarpa’s fascia

Dartos muscle receives autonomic innervation (GVE)

  • works in conjunction with the striated cremasteric muscle
25
Q

Arterial supply of scrotum

26
Q

Venous drainage of scrotum

27
Q

Anterior cutaneous innervation of the scrotum

A

Ilioinguinal nerve -> Anterior scrotal nerves (L1)

Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve - travelling with the spermatic cord (L1-L2)

28
Q

Posterior cutaneous innervation of the scrotum

A

Pudendal nerve -> posterior scrotal nerves (S2 - S4)

Perineal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (S2 - S3)

29
Q
  1. What is the testes
  2. What is each anchored by
  3. what do they produce
  4. what is their length
  5. what is their optimal temp
A
  1. The testis is a firm yet mobile (PAIRED) organ suspended within the scrotum by the spermatic cord
  2. Each is anchored inferiorly by the scrotal ligament
  3. These paired ovoid reproductive glands produce sperm (spermatozoa) & male hormones (testosterone)
  4. Approx 5cm in length
  5. function optimally below body temp
30
Q

Coverings of testes

31
Q
  1. What is the epididymis
  2. what is its function
  3. what is its arterial supply
A
  1. Elongated, tightly coiled convoluted tube located on posterior surface and superior pole of the testis
  2. stores spermatozoa until maturation occurs
  3. arterial supply is provided by the testicular artery
32
Q

EPIDIDYMIS

  1. Head
  2. body
  3. Tail
A
  1. Receives efferent ductules (12-14)
  2. Narrower in diameter
  3. Continuous with ductus deferens
33
Q

Arterial supply of testes

34
Q

Venous drainage of testes

35
Q

Lymphatic drainage of testes

GIT Anatomy (8 decks)

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