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Human Gross Anatomy > Inguinal Canal & Spermatic Cord (Exam III) > Flashcards

Inguinal Canal & Spermatic Cord (Exam III) Flashcards

1
Q

Strong tube that carries sperm cells

A

Ductus deferens

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2
Q

Blood supply that carries arterial blood to the testes

A

Testicular artery

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3
Q

Plexus of veins that drains the testes; starts out as mesh of interconnected multiple veins that will merge together ultimately on either side of the body to form the testicular vein

A

Pampiniform plexus

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4
Q

Branch of lumbar-sacral plexus that is sexually dimorphic in the type of axons it carries

A

Genitofemoral nerve

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5
Q

In males the genitofemoral nerve carries ______ & _____

In females the genitofemoral nerve carries ____

A

Somatic sensory & somatic motor

Somatic sensory

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6
Q

The additional somatic motor function of the genitofemoral nerve in males is responsible for the innervation of the:

A

Cremaster muscle

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7
Q

List the six components of the spermatic cord

A

1- ductus deferens
2- testicular artery
3- pampiniform plexus
4- genitofemoral nerve
5- autonomic nerves
6- lymphatics

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8
Q

Location spermatic cord passes through body wall

A

Inguinal canal

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9
Q

Location in which sperm is manufactured

A

Testes

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10
Q

Location in which sperm mature

A

Epididymis

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11
Q

Type of fascia that is only found anteriorly on the abdominal wall

A

Scarpa’s

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12
Q

Serous lining of entire abdominopelvic cavity

A

Parietal peritoneum

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13
Q

If the embryo becomes a male, the dermis attached to the gubernaculum will end up at:

A

Bottom of scrotum

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14
Q

If the embryo becomes a female, the dermis attached to the gubernaculum will correspond to:

A

Labia majora

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15
Q

Male gonads:
Females gonads:

A

Testes
Ovaries

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16
Q

Location in which gonads originate embryonically

A

Upper lumbar region around L1

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17
Q

What process does the gubernaculum assist in

A

Migration of the gonads to adult position

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18
Q

How does the gubernaculum move the gonads

A

By shortening and pulling them along

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19
Q

The location where the gubernaculum pierces through all of the abdominal wall layers will ultimately end up forming the:

A

Inguinal canal

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20
Q

Testes will start in the plane between the:

A

Parietal peritoneum & transversalis fascia

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21
Q

What is the deepest abdominal wall layer that the testes have to pass through

A

Transversalis fascia

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22
Q

What is established before the testes begin migrating

A

Blood, nerve & lymphatic supply

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23
Q

Where are the spermatic cord contents in relation to the testes when the testes are migrating

A

Trailing behind the testes

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24
Q

Why can’t the testes pass through the inguinal hole:

Can the gubernaculum pass through the inguinal hole:

A

Testes are too large

Yes- gubernaculum passes with ease

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25
Q

Tiny hole formed by the gubernaculum piercing the transversalis fascia to get through the abdominal wall layers

A

Inguinal hole

26
Q

The gubernaculum continues to pull the testes even though they will never pass through the inguinal hole, what first step must occur to get the testes to move down into the scrotum

A

Transversalis fascia stretches out like sleeve and leaves body cavity

27
Q

When the testes pass through the sleeve of transversalis fascia- what two things occur?

A
  1. Transversalis fascia thins considerable
  2. Transversalis fascia leaves body cavity and anterior abdominal wall
28
Q

At the point where the deep inguinal ring forms, we will no longer call it transversalis fascia- it will now be called:

A

Internal spermatic fascia

29
Q

Why does the transversus abdominis not contribute to the layers of the spermatic cord

A

Large arching lower border that the testes can easily pass under

30
Q

After the testes pass under the transversus abdominis muscle with ease, they will bump up against:

A

Internal abdominal oblique layer

31
Q

The point at which the testes make contact with the internal abdominal oblique- this portion of the oblique is:

A

Skeletal muscle muscle portion

32
Q

The skeletal muscle portion of the internal abdominal oblique that the testes come into contact with, will form a new inguinal ring called the:

A

Middle inguinal ring

33
Q

At the point at which the middle inguinal ring is formed what happens to the internal abdominal oblique muscle

A

Stretches into thin layer forming cremaster muscle

34
Q

Why do males have a cremaster muscle when this is absent in females

A

The male gonad has to travel outside of the body cavity creating this muscle - in females it does not

35
Q

Where is the cremaster muscle in relation to the internal spermatic fascia

A

Directly outside

36
Q

After the IAO forms the middle inguinal ring and cremaster muscle the testes will then come into contact with:

A

External abdominal oblique

37
Q

When the testes make contact with the external abdominal oblique what type of tissue is it hitting

A

Aponeurosis: connective tissue & NOT skeletal muscle

38
Q

The external abdominal oblique will form what final inguinal ring

A

Superficial inguinal ring

39
Q

At the point of the superficial inguinal ring, the external abdominal oblique fascia changes its name to:

A

External spermatic fasia

40
Q

There is a small tag of gubernaculum that will attach to:

A

Parietal peritoneum

41
Q

The small piece of parietal peritoneum attached to the gubernaculum will come out as:

A

An extension to the peritoneal cavity

42
Q

The little parietal peritoneal sleeve will follow the testes down into the:

A

Scrotum

43
Q

The name of the small sleeve of parietal peritoneum that the gubernaculum attaches to (follows down into the testes)

A

Processus vaginalis

44
Q

Describe the spatial relationship between the processus vaginalis and the testes

A

The processus vaginalis ends up proceeding the testes

45
Q

Where does the processus vaginalis reside

A

Within the internal spermatic fascia

46
Q

The processus vaginalis will be empty (aside from small amount of fluid) and the spermatic cord contents lie ______ to the processus vaginalis

A

ALONGSIDE/ parallel

47
Q

At birth what happens to the processus vaginalis

A

It will close down after traveling through the inguinal canal

48
Q

At birth what portion of the processus vaginalis remains open and why

A

Portion down in the scrotum and to provide a frictionless environment around the testes

49
Q

The processus vaginalis in the bottom of the scrotum that remains open in an adult is called the:

A

Tunica vaginalis

50
Q

An extension of the peritoneum that lines the adult scrotum

A

Tunica vaginalis

51
Q

Do females have inguinal rings or spermatic cords

A

No spermatic cord
Yes small inguinal rings

52
Q

What is the blood supply for that testes

A

Testicular artery + pampiniform plexus

53
Q

Where is the location that our spermatic cord contents open up into the abdominal cavity

A

Deep inguinal ring

54
Q

The inguinal canal runs between the:

A

Deep inguinal ring & superficial inguinal ring

55
Q

Where do the gonads start in embryoligical development

A

Upper lumbar region around L1-L2

56
Q

The deep inguinal ring is found about halfway along the:

A

Inguinal ligament

57
Q

Where is the inguinal canal in relation to the inguinal ligament

A

ALWAYS above

58
Q

Spermatic cord begins where our _____ ends at the superficial inguinal ring

A

Inguinal canal

59
Q

Transversalis fascia ——> _______

Transversus abdominis ——> _______

Internal abdominal oblique ——> ______

External abdominal oblique ——> ______

A

1- Internal spermatic fascia

2- Does not contribute

3- cremaster muscle

4- external spermatic fascia

60
Q

What rings do the following layers give rise to:

1- transversalis fascia —>
2- transversus abdominis —>
3- internal abdominal oblique —>
4- external abdominal oblique —>

A

1- deep inguinal ring
2- no rings
3- middle inguinal ring
4- superficial inguinal ring

61
Q

Contraction of this muscle will pull the testes towards the body; used in thermoregulation

A

Cremaster muscle

62
Q

The cremaster reflex is due to what type of innervation from what nerve

A

Somatic sensory component of the genitofemoral nerve

Human Gross Anatomy (9 decks)

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