Inguinal Canal & Spermatic Cord (Exam III)

Question 1

Strong tube that carries sperm cells

Answer 1

Ductus deferens

Question 2

Blood supply that carries arterial blood to the testes

Answer 2

Testicular artery

Question 3

Plexus of veins that drains the testes; starts out as mesh of interconnected multiple veins that will merge together ultimately on either side of the body to form the testicular vein

Answer 3

Pampiniform plexus

Question 4

Branch of lumbar-sacral plexus that is sexually dimorphic in the type of axons it carries

Answer 4

Genitofemoral nerve

Question 5

In males the genitofemoral nerve carries ______ & _____

In females the genitofemoral nerve carries ____

Answer 5

Somatic sensory & somatic motor

Somatic sensory

Question 6

The additional somatic motor function of the genitofemoral nerve in males is responsible for the innervation of the:

Answer 6

Cremaster muscle

Question 7

List the six components of the spermatic cord

Answer 7

1- ductus deferens
2- testicular artery
3- pampiniform plexus
4- genitofemoral nerve
5- autonomic nerves
6- lymphatics

Question 8

Location spermatic cord passes through body wall

Answer 8

Inguinal canal

Question 9

Location in which sperm is manufactured

Answer 9

Testes

Question 10

Location in which sperm mature

Answer 10

Epididymis

Question 11

Type of fascia that is only found anteriorly on the abdominal wall

Answer 11

Scarpa’s

Question 12

Serous lining of entire abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 12

Parietal peritoneum

Question 13

If the embryo becomes a male, the dermis attached to the gubernaculum will end up at:

Answer 13

Bottom of scrotum

Question 14

If the embryo becomes a female, the dermis attached to the gubernaculum will correspond to:

Answer 14

Labia majora

Question 15

Male gonads:
Females gonads:

Answer 15

Testes
Ovaries

Question 16

Location in which gonads originate embryonically

Answer 16

Upper lumbar region around L1

Question 17

What process does the gubernaculum assist in

Answer 17

Migration of the gonads to adult position

Question 18

How does the gubernaculum move the gonads

Answer 18

By shortening and pulling them along

Question 19

The location where the gubernaculum pierces through all of the abdominal wall layers will ultimately end up forming the:

Answer 19

Inguinal canal

Question 20

Testes will start in the plane between the:

Answer 20

Parietal peritoneum & transversalis fascia

Question 21

What is the deepest abdominal wall layer that the testes have to pass through

Answer 21

Transversalis fascia

Question 22

What is established before the testes begin migrating

Answer 22

Blood, nerve & lymphatic supply

Question 23

Where are the spermatic cord contents in relation to the testes when the testes are migrating

Answer 23

Trailing behind the testes

Question 24

Why can’t the testes pass through the inguinal hole:

Can the gubernaculum pass through the inguinal hole:

Answer 24

Testes are too large

Yes- gubernaculum passes with ease

Question 25

Tiny hole formed by the gubernaculum piercing the transversalis fascia to get through the abdominal wall layers

Answer 25

Inguinal hole

Question 26

The gubernaculum continues to pull the testes even though they will never pass through the inguinal hole, what first step must occur to get the testes to move down into the scrotum

Answer 26

Transversalis fascia stretches out like sleeve and leaves body cavity

Question 27

When the testes pass through the sleeve of transversalis fascia- what two things occur?

Answer 27

1. Transversalis fascia thins considerable 2. Transversalis fascia leaves body cavity and anterior abdominal wall

Question 28

At the point where the deep inguinal ring forms, we will no longer call it transversalis fascia- it will now be called:

Answer 28

Internal spermatic fascia

Question 29

Why does the transversus abdominis not contribute to the layers of the spermatic cord

Answer 29

Large arching lower border that the testes can easily pass under

Question 30

After the testes pass under the transversus abdominis muscle with ease, they will bump up against:

Answer 30

Internal abdominal oblique layer

Question 31

The point at which the testes make contact with the internal abdominal oblique- this portion of the oblique is:

Answer 31

Skeletal muscle muscle portion

Question 32

The skeletal muscle portion of the internal abdominal oblique that the testes come into contact with, will form a new inguinal ring called the:

Answer 32

Middle inguinal ring

Question 33

At the point at which the middle inguinal ring is formed what happens to the internal abdominal oblique muscle

Answer 33

Stretches into thin layer forming cremaster muscle

Question 34

Why do males have a cremaster muscle when this is absent in females

Answer 34

The male gonad has to travel outside of the body cavity creating this muscle - in females it does not

Question 35

Where is the cremaster muscle in relation to the internal spermatic fascia

Answer 35

Directly outside

Question 36

After the IAO forms the middle inguinal ring and cremaster muscle the testes will then come into contact with:

Answer 36

External abdominal oblique

Question 37

When the testes make contact with the external abdominal oblique what type of tissue is it hitting

Answer 37

Aponeurosis: connective tissue & NOT skeletal muscle

Question 38

The external abdominal oblique will form what final inguinal ring

Answer 38

Superficial inguinal ring

Question 39

At the point of the superficial inguinal ring, the external abdominal oblique fascia changes its name to:

Answer 39

External spermatic fasia

Question 40

There is a small tag of gubernaculum that will attach to:

Answer 40

Parietal peritoneum

Question 41

The small piece of parietal peritoneum attached to the gubernaculum will come out as:

Answer 41

An extension to the peritoneal cavity

Question 42

The little parietal peritoneal sleeve will follow the testes down into the:

Answer 42

Scrotum

Question 43

The name of the small sleeve of parietal peritoneum that the gubernaculum attaches to (follows down into the testes)

Answer 43

Processus vaginalis

Question 44

Describe the spatial relationship between the processus vaginalis and the testes

Answer 44

The processus vaginalis ends up proceeding the testes

Question 45

Where does the processus vaginalis reside

Answer 45

Within the internal spermatic fascia

Question 46

The processus vaginalis will be empty (aside from small amount of fluid) and the spermatic cord contents lie ______ to the processus vaginalis

Answer 46

ALONGSIDE/ parallel

Question 47

At birth what happens to the processus vaginalis

Answer 47

It will close down after traveling through the inguinal canal

Question 48

At birth what portion of the processus vaginalis remains open and why

Answer 48

Portion down in the scrotum and to provide a frictionless environment around the testes

Question 49

The processus vaginalis in the bottom of the scrotum that remains open in an adult is called the:

Answer 49

Tunica vaginalis

Question 50

An extension of the peritoneum that lines the adult scrotum

Answer 50

Tunica vaginalis

Question 51

Do females have inguinal rings or spermatic cords

Answer 51

No spermatic cord Yes small inguinal rings

Question 52

What is the blood supply for that testes

Answer 52

Testicular artery + pampiniform plexus

Question 53

Where is the location that our spermatic cord contents open up into the abdominal cavity

Answer 53

Deep inguinal ring

Question 54

The inguinal canal runs between the:

Answer 54

Deep inguinal ring & superficial inguinal ring

Question 55

Where do the gonads start in embryoligical development

Answer 55

Upper lumbar region around L1-L2

Question 56

The deep inguinal ring is found about halfway along the:

Answer 56

Inguinal ligament

Question 57

Where is the inguinal canal in relation to the inguinal ligament

Answer 57

ALWAYS above

Question 58

Spermatic cord begins where our _____ ends at the superficial inguinal ring

Answer 58

Inguinal canal

Question 59

Transversalis fascia ——> _______ Transversus abdominis ——> _______ Internal abdominal oblique ——> ______ External abdominal oblique ——> ______

Answer 59

1- Internal spermatic fascia 2- Does not contribute 3- cremaster muscle 4- external spermatic fascia

Question 60

What rings do the following layers give rise to: 1- transversalis fascia —> 2- transversus abdominis —> 3- internal abdominal oblique —> 4- external abdominal oblique —>

Answer 60

1- deep inguinal ring 2- no rings 3- middle inguinal ring 4- superficial inguinal ring

Question 61

Contraction of this muscle will pull the testes towards the body; used in thermoregulation

Answer 61

Cremaster muscle

Question 62

The cremaster reflex is due to what type of innervation from what nerve

Answer 62

Somatic sensory component of the genitofemoral nerve