Inflammatory Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanism of acetaminophen

A

reversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase, mostly in CNS, inactivated peripherally

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2
Q

Use of acetaminophen

A

antipyretic, analgesic, NOT anti-inflammatory

use instead of aspirin in CHILDREN

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3
Q

Toxicity of acetaminophen

A

Hepatic necrosis due to overdose

NAPQI is toxic metabolite that depletes glutathione stores

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4
Q

Antidote to acetaminophen overdose

A

N-acetylcysteine which regenerates the glutathione stores

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5
Q

Mechanism of aspirin

A

irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase (1 and 2) via acetylation
decreases synthesis of TXA2 (increase bleeding time) and prostaglandins

increased bleeding time but NO effect on PT or PTT

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6
Q

Toxicity of aspirin

A

gastric ulceration, tinnitus (CN VIII)

chronic use: acute renal failure, interstitial nephritis, GI bleeding

cause respiratory alkalosis early, transitions to mixed metabolic acidosis-respiratory alkalosis

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7
Q

Toxicity of aspirin in CHILDREN

A

REYE syndrome in children treated with aspirin for viral infection

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8
Q

Mechanism of celecoxib

A

reversibly inhibits COX-2 found in inflammatory cells, vascular endothelium

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9
Q

Use of celecoxib

A

analgesic and anti-inflammatory

rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis

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10
Q

Benefit of COX2 specific versus non-selective

A

spares COX1 thus:

  • able to maintain gastric mucosa
  • platelet function intact
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11
Q

Toxicity of celecoxib

A

increased risk of thrombosis, sulfa allergy

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12
Q

Name the NSAIDs

A

ibuprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, ketorolac, diclofenac

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13
Q

Mechanism of NSAIDs

A

reversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase (1 and 2)

blocks prostaglandin synthesis

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14
Q

Use of NSAIDs

A

antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic

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15
Q

Specific use of indomethacin

A

to close the PDA

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16
Q

Toxicity of NSAIDs

A
interstitial nephritis
gastric ulcer (prostaglandins protect gastric mucosa)
renal ischemia (prostaglandins dilate afferent arterioles)
17
Q

Use of aspirin

A

low dose for decreased platelet activity
intermediate dose for anti-pyretic and analgesic
high dose for anti-inflammatory