Analgesic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Name the opioids

A

morphine, fentanyl, codeine, loperamide, methadone, meperidine, dextromethrophan, diphenoxylate, pentazocine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Mechanism of opioids

A

act as agonists at opioid receptors to modulate synaptic transmission
- opens K+ channels, closes Ca2+ channels –> decreased synaptic transmission
inhibits release of Ach, NE, 5-HT, glutamate, substance P

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the opioid receptors

A
mu = morphine
lambda = enkephalin
kappa = dynorphin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Use of opioids

A

pain, cough suppression (dextromethorphan), diarrhea (loperamide, diphenoxylate), acute pulmonary edema, maintenance programs for heroin addicts (methadone, buprenorphine + naloxone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the opioid used for cough suppression

A

dextremethorphan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the opioids used for diarrhea

A

loperamide

diphenoxylate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the opioids used for heroin addicts

A

methadone

buprenorphine + naloxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Toxicity of opioids

A

addiction, respiratory depression, constipation, miosis (pinpoint pupils), additive CNS depression with other drugs
don’t develop tolerance to constipation and miosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Treatment of opioid toxicity/overdose

A

naloxone or naltrexone which are opioid receptor antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mechanism of butorphanol

A

kappa-opioid receptor agonist and mu-opioid receptor partial agonist so can produce analgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Use of butorphanol

A
severe pain (e.g. migraine, labor)
causes less respiratory depression than full opioid agonists
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Toxicity of butorphanol

A

can cause opioid withdrawal symptoms if patients is also taking full opioid agonist (competition for opioid receptors)
overdose not easily reversed with naloxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mechanism of tramadol

A

weak opioid agonist; also inhibits 5-HT and NE reuptake (works on multiple NTs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Use of tramadol

A

chronic pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Toxicity of tramadol

A

similar to opioids
decreases seizure threshold
serotonin syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly