Cholesterol Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Name the HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitors

A

“-statins”

lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors on LDL, HDL and TG

A

greatly decrease LDL
increase HDL
decrease LDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mechanism of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

inhibit conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a cholesterol precursor
decrease mortality in CAD pts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Side effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

hepatotoxicity (increased LFTs)

myopathy (esp when used with fibrates or niacin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the bile acid resins

A

Cholestyramine, colestipon, colesevelam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Effect of bile acid resins on LDL, HDL and TGs

A

decrease LDL
slight increase in HDL
slight increase in TGs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mechanism of bile acid resins

A

prevent intestinal reabsorption of bile acids

liver must use cholesterol to make more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Side effects of bile acid resins

A

GI upset, decreased absorption of other drugs and fat-soluble vitamins (ADEK)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Effect of ezetimibe on LDL, HDL, TGs

A

decreases LDL

no change in HDL or TGs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mechanism of ezetimibe

A

prevent cholesterol absorption at small intestine brush border

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Side effects of ezetimibe

A

rare increase in LFTs, diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name the fibrates

A

Gemfibrozil, clofibrate, bezafibrate, fenofibrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Effect of fibrates on LDL, HDL and TGs

A

decreases LDL
increases HDL
greatly decreases TGs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mechanism of fibrates

A

upregulate LPL –> increased TG clearance

activates PPAR-alpha to induce HDL synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Side effects of fibrates

A

myopathy (increased risk with statins)

cholesterol gallstones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Effect of niacin (B3) on LDL, HDL and TGs

A

decreases LDL
greatly increases HDL
decrease in TGs

17
Q

Mechanism of niacin

A
inhibits lipolysis (hormone-sensitive lipase) in adipose tissue
reduces hepatic VLDL synthesis
18
Q

Side effects of niacin

A

Red, flushed face, which is decreased by NSAIDs or long-term use
hyperglycemia
hyperuricemia