Inflammation and Healing Flashcards
Non-specific Physical Barrier (1st Line)
Skin
Mucous membrane
Hair
Blood clots
Non-specific Fluids (1st Line)
Saliva
Tears
Gastric juices
Sweat
Phagocytosis (2nd Line)
Neutrophils and macrophages
Includes inflammation
3rd line of defense
Specific
Antibody production
Cell-mediated immunity
Inflammation
Localize, neutralize, and remove harmful agents and dead tissue
Inflammation Causes
Physical damage
Foreign bodies
Infection
Ischemia
Cardinal Signs of Inflammation
Redness (Dilation of small blood vessels)
Warmth (Increased blood flow)
Swelling (Increased capillary wall permeability)
Pain (Release of chemicals stimulating pain receptors)
Acute Inflammation
Release of chemicals from mast cells and platelets
Chemotaxis of cells to site of injury
Chronic Inflammation
Continued tissue destruction
Fibrous scar tissue
Granuloma could form
Agranulocytes
WBC
Mono/lymphocytes
Cytokines
Mediator
Affect behavior of cells
Signaling molecules
Interferons
Cytokine
Non-specific agent produced to prevent virus replication
Histamine
Mediator
Vasodilation
Increased capillary permeability
Bradykinin
Mediator Vasodilation Increased capillary permeability Pain Chemotaxis
Leukotrienes
Mediator
Granulocytes
WBC
Neutro/baso/eosinophils
Mast Cells
WBC
Release chemicals in response to injury
Macrophages
WBC
Phagocytic monocytes
Prostaglandins
Mediator
Vasodilation
Increased cell permeability
Pain
Glucocorticoid Effect
Decrease capillary permeability
Reduces number of leukocytes and mast cells
Glucocorticoid Adverse Effects
Delayed healing
Atrophy of lymphoid tissue
Reduced WBC production
Increase tissue breakdown
