Inflammation

Question 0

Four inflammatory mediators of fever

Answer 0

IL1
TNF
IL6
PGE2

Question 1

Name the 3 complement pathways

Answer 1

Classical
Alternative
Lectin

Question 2

Cell types that contain Histamine granules

Answer 2

Mast Cell
Basophils
Platelets

Question 3

Main receptor for Substance P

Answer 3

Neurokinin 1 receptor (NK-1R)

Question 4

Which molecules are involved in the classical complement pathway?

Answer 4

C1q
C1r
C1s
C4
C2

Question 5

What are the 3 main functions of complement?

Answer 5

Opsonization
Membrane Attack Complex formation
Enhanced Inflammation

Question 6

Which molecules are involved in the alternative complement pathway?

Answer 6

Factor D
Factor B
Properdin
C3

Question 7

Which molecules are involved in the Lectin complement pathway?

Answer 7

Mannose Binding Lectin
Ficolins
MBL- associated serine proteases-2 (MASP-2)
C4
C2

Question 8

Which molecule is the anchor that initiates formation of the membrane attack complex?

Answer 8

C5b

Question 9

Main Cytokines produced by TH1 cells

Answer 9

IFN-gamma

IL-2

Question 10

TH1 cells direct which type of immunity?

Answer 10

Cell-mediated

Question 11

TH2 cells direct which type of immunity?

Answer 11

Humoral

Question 12

Which cytokines stimulates TH1 cells?

Answer 12

IL-12

IL-18

Question 13

What stimulates TH2 cells?

Answer 13

IL-4

IL-10

Question 14

Major signaling pathway for TH1 and TH2 cytokines

Answer 14

JAK/STAT

Question 15

Signaling pathway for TH17 cytokines

Answer 15

Adapter protein ACT1
TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6)
Nuclear factor Kappa Beta (NFkB)

Question 16

Major function of Type 1 Interferons

Answer 16

Anti-viral via JAK/STAT pathway

Question 17

Major function of Type 2 Interferons

Answer 17

Induced Th1 & Th17 responses

Question 18

Which chemokine is not produced by leukocytes? & effect

Answer 18

Fractalkine

(Produced by endothelium)

Monocyte chemotaxis

Question 19

What is NFKB?

Answer 19

A protein that controls gene transcription
Activated in response to cytokines, cell injury, antigens
Controls Cytokine production and cell survival

Question 20

TLR for LPS

Answer 20

TLR4

Question 21

TLR for flagellin

Answer 21

TLR5

Question 22

TLR for Bacterial/viral DNA

Answer 22

TLR9

Question 23

TLR for viral ds RNA

Answer 23

TLR3

Question 24

Which interleukin stimulates differentiation to tissue repair macrophages

Answer 24

IL-4

Question 25

Which interleukin stimulates differentiation into regulatory macrophages

Answer 25

IL-10

Question 26

Which chemokine is responsible for dendritic cells homing to lymph nodes?

Answer 26

CCL21

Question 27

Which molecule is expressed by mature dendritic cells

Answer 27

CCR7

Question 28

Which are the major chemotactic molecules for eosinophils?

Answer 28

Eotaxin | IL-5

Question 29

What are the major proteolytic enzymes produced by mass cells in chronic inflammation

Answer 29

Chymase | Tryptase

Question 30

Which molecule is the key mediator of pain during inflammation?

Answer 30

PGE2

Question 31

What is the major cofactor for an MMPs?

Answer 31

Zinc

Question 32

Name the components of the basal lamina

Answer 32

Type IV collagen Laminin Entactin Perlecan

Question 33

Receptors for angiopoietin 1

Answer 33

Tie2

Question 34

Which inflammatory mediator inhibits differentiation of cells during wound healing?

Answer 34

NFKB

Question 35

Which TH cell type is involved in Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions?

Answer 35

TH2

Question 36

Main molecules for vascular remodelling

Answer 36

Ephrin B2 | Angiopoietin 2

Question 37

CXC chemokines attract which type of cell?

Answer 37

Neutrophils

Question 38

Molecules responsible for endothelial contraction that increases vasc. permeability

Answer 38

Histamine Bradykinin Leukotrienes

Question 39

Most important antiproteases to limit leukocyte damage

Answer 39

a1-antitryspin (neutrophil elastase) | a2-Macroglobin

Question 40

Which lymphocyte is crucial to acute inflammation?

Answer 40

TH17

Question 41

Which complement proteins trigger Mast Cells degranulation?

Answer 41

C3a | C5a

Question 42

Main cytokines produced by M2 macrophages

Answer 42

IL-10 | TGF-B

Question 43

Role of Notch Signaling in angiogenesis

Answer 43

Regulates sprouting/branching

Question 44

Most important cytokine for connected tissue deposition

Answer 44

TGF-B

Question 45

MMP inhibitor

Answer 45

TIMPs

Question 46

Enzyme that cleaves and releases extra cellular domains of various cytokines and growth factors

Answer 46

ADAMs

Question 47

Major opsonins

Answer 47

C3b Manose-binding Lectin IgG

Question 48

Major antioxidants

Answer 48

``` Superoxide dysmutase Catalase Glutathione peroxidase Ceruloplasmin Transferrin ```

Question 49

Leukotriene for chemotaxis

Answer 49

LTB-4

Question 50

Major regulator of alternative complement pathway and function

Answer 50

Factor H | Blocks C3 convertase

Question 51

Inhibits JAK/STAT signalling

Answer 51

SOCS

Question 52

Binding of which leukocyte molecule to which endothelium molecule is essential for firm adhesion to endothelium?

Answer 52

LFA1 on leukocyte to ICAM1 on endothelium

Question 53

Annexin 1 function

Answer 53

Inhibits neutrophil recruitment | Promotes neutrophil apoptosis and phagocytosis by Macrophages