Inflammation Flashcards
Four inflammatory mediators of fever
IL1
TNF
IL6
PGE2
Name the 3 complement pathways
Classical
Alternative
Lectin
Cell types that contain Histamine granules
Mast Cell
Basophils
Platelets
Main receptor for Substance P
Neurokinin 1 receptor (NK-1R)
Which molecules are involved in the classical complement pathway?
C1q C1r C1s C4 C2
What are the 3 main functions of complement?
Opsonization
Membrane Attack Complex formation
Enhanced Inflammation
Which molecules are involved in the alternative complement pathway?
Factor D
Factor B
Properdin
C3
Which molecules are involved in the Lectin complement pathway?
Mannose Binding Lectin Ficolins MBL- associated serine proteases-2 (MASP-2) C4 C2
Which molecule is the anchor that initiates formation of the membrane attack complex?
C5b
Main Cytokines produced by TH1 cells
IFN-gamma
IL-2
TH1 cells direct which type of immunity?
Cell-mediated
TH2 cells direct which type of immunity?
Humoral
Which cytokines stimulates TH1 cells?
IL-12
IL-18
What stimulates TH2 cells?
IL-4
IL-10
Major signaling pathway for TH1 and TH2 cytokines
JAK/STAT
Signaling pathway for TH17 cytokines
Adapter protein ACT1
TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6)
Nuclear factor Kappa Beta (NFkB)
Major function of Type 1 Interferons
Anti-viral via JAK/STAT pathway
Major function of Type 2 Interferons
Induced Th1 & Th17 responses
Which chemokine is not produced by leukocytes? & effect
Fractalkine
(Produced by endothelium)
Monocyte chemotaxis
What is NFKB?
A protein that controls gene transcription
Activated in response to cytokines, cell injury, antigens
Controls Cytokine production and cell survival
TLR for LPS
TLR4
TLR for flagellin
TLR5
TLR for Bacterial/viral DNA
TLR9
TLR for viral ds RNA
TLR3
Which interleukin stimulates differentiation to tissue repair macrophages
IL-4
Which interleukin stimulates differentiation into regulatory macrophages
IL-10
Which chemokine is responsible for dendritic cells homing to lymph nodes?
CCL21
Which molecule is expressed by mature dendritic cells
CCR7
Which are the major chemotactic molecules for eosinophils?
Eotaxin
IL-5
What are the major proteolytic enzymes produced by mass cells in chronic inflammation
Chymase
Tryptase
Which molecule is the key mediator of pain during inflammation?
PGE2
What is the major cofactor for an MMPs?
Zinc
Name the components of the basal lamina
Type IV collagen
Laminin
Entactin
Perlecan
Receptors for angiopoietin 1
Tie2
Which inflammatory mediator inhibits differentiation of cells during wound healing?
NFKB
Which TH cell type is involved in Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions?
TH2
Main molecules for vascular remodelling
Ephrin B2
Angiopoietin 2
CXC chemokines attract which type of cell?
Neutrophils
Molecules responsible for endothelial contraction that increases vasc. permeability
Histamine
Bradykinin
Leukotrienes
Most important antiproteases to limit leukocyte damage
a1-antitryspin (neutrophil elastase)
a2-Macroglobin
Which lymphocyte is crucial to acute inflammation?
TH17
Which complement proteins trigger Mast Cells degranulation?
C3a
C5a
Main cytokines produced by M2 macrophages
IL-10
TGF-B
Role of Notch Signaling in angiogenesis
Regulates sprouting/branching
Most important cytokine for connected tissue deposition
TGF-B
MMP inhibitor
TIMPs
Enzyme that cleaves and releases extra cellular domains of various cytokines and growth factors
ADAMs
Major opsonins
C3b
Manose-binding Lectin
IgG
Major antioxidants
Superoxide dysmutase Catalase Glutathione peroxidase Ceruloplasmin Transferrin
Leukotriene for chemotaxis
LTB-4
Major regulator of alternative complement pathway and function
Factor H
Blocks C3 convertase
Inhibits JAK/STAT signalling
SOCS
Binding of which leukocyte molecule to which endothelium molecule is essential for firm adhesion to endothelium?
LFA1 on leukocyte to ICAM1 on endothelium
Annexin 1 function
Inhibits neutrophil recruitment
Promotes neutrophil apoptosis and phagocytosis by Macrophages
