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PATHO > Inflammation > Flashcards

Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammation

A

Coordinated vascular and cellular response of the body to cell injury and cell death

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2
Q

inflammation has both ________ features

A

protective (immune) & curative

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3
Q

inflammation and healing

A

it initiates the healing process and responsible for the removal of injurious agent

without inflammation we can not heal or have normal immune fx

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4
Q

factors that cause inflammation

A 
infection
trauma
necrosis
presence of foreign bodies
ischemia
cancer
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5
Q

cytokines

A

signaling molecules that tell WBC to come help

specifically the chemokines –> cytokines –> attract cells

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6
Q

5 signs of the inflammation

A 
erythema
heat
edema
pain
loss of fx
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7
Q

vascular events and inflammation

A

vasodilation - increased diameter - brings more plasma and leukocytes
increased vascular permeability - arterioles become leaky

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8
Q

Neutrophils

A

first responders

predominant cell found in pus

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9
Q

diapedesis

A

migration through the endothelial lining of BV

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10
Q

monocyte

A

replenish resident macrophages

with inflammation goes to injury and differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells

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11
Q

macrophages

A

WBC that engulfs and digests cellular debris

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12
Q

Lymphocytes

A

produce antibodies

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13
Q

Mast cells

A

play a key role in inflammation

found in most tissues - skin airways intestines

alergies runny nose

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14
Q

inflammation response problem

A

occurs rapidly to terminate infection. It also must be halted in a timely manner to stop this process from inflicting self damage

cytokines and also bring on muscle atrophy

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15
Q

increase in count of what WBC could show infection

A

neutrophils

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16
Q

RA path

A

TNF increased

massive inflammatory response

results in pannus

17
Q

systemic effects of acute inflammation

A 
fever
somnolence, malaise
anorexia
hypotension
accelerated degradation of skeletal muscle
18
Q

leukocytosis

A

increased WBC

19
Q

leukopenia

A

decreased WBC

20
Q

Proinflammatory signaling molecules have what

A

short half lives

rapidly degrading

21
Q

M1 machrophages

A

encourage inflammation

22
Q

M2 machrophages

A

are anti inflammatory and encourage tissue repair

23
Q

abscess

A

accumulation of pus in a confined space (pimple)

24
Q

healing by fibrosis

A

scarring

25
Q

granulomatous inflammation

A

Form of chronic inflammation

caused by an accumulation of machrophages

26
Q

how inflammation stops

A

Cells producing pro-inflammatory molecules produce and secrete “stop signals” for anti-inflammatory cytokines

27
Q

chronic inflammation and diabetes

A

adipose tissue, liver, and pancreas become sites of inflammation in the presence of obesity

28
Q

chronic inflammation and cancer

A

Areas of chronic inflammation or very small tumors release pro-inflammatory signaling molecules - tumor becomes a site of chronic inflammation

cigarette smoke itself may induce a chronic inflammatory state

29
Q

chronic inflammation
onset

cellular infiltrates

tissue injury, fibrosis

local and systemic signs

A

onset - days

cellular infiltrates - monocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes

tissue injury, fibrosis - often severe and progressive

local and systemic signs - less prominent may be subtle

30
Q

erythema

A

reddness of the skin

31
Q

exudate

A

cell rich fluid

32
Q

parenchymal cells

A

essential for normal tissue repair - makeup FX parts of organs

33
Q

granulomatous inflammation

A

a collection of WBCs in the area

34
Q

what cardinal sign of inflammation wont you have if you have low WBC count

A

you will only have fever

35
Q

histamine is released from what cells

A

mast and platelets

PATHO (6 decks)

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