Infinitives - Actions Flashcards
Estar - to be Hablar - to speak Jugar - to play Cocinar - to cook Mirar - to look at
Participar - to participate Pasear - to take a walk Preparar - to prepare Trabajar - to work Viajar - to travel Caminamos en la playa - we walk on the beach
comer - to eat correr - to run hacer - to do, to make leer - to read ser - to be Tener - to have ver - to see, watch
escribir - to write ir - to go salir - to go out, to leave subir - to go up, climb, to get into a vehicle vivir - to live
Ir - to go
Yo voy Nosotros vamos
Tu vas Ustedes van
el/ella va Ellos/Ellas van
Ir + a + infinitive - to talk about what you are going to do
“Que vas a hacer” - What are you going to do?
Voy a ir de compras - I am going to go shopping
Vamos a ir a la playa mañana - We are going to go to the beach tomorrow.
Adonde vas? - where are you going?
Tener que + infinitive - to talk about what you have to do
“Tienes que trabajo” - You have to work
“Tenemos que estudiar” - We have to study
Ir a + place - where you are going to go "Voy a mi clase de baile" - I am going to my dance class a + el = al "Mi familia va al parque los domingos" - My family goes to the park on Sundays.
Querer - to want
Yo quiero Nosotros queremos
Tu quieres Ustedes quieren
el/ella quiere Ellos/Ellas quieren
Venir - to come
yo vengo nosotros venimos
tu vienes ustedes vienen
el/ella viene ellos/ellas vienen
tener venir Yo tengo Vengo tú tienes vienes él, ella, usted tiene viene ellos, ellas, ustedes tienen vienen Nosotros tenemos. Venimos
Question words
Quienes - Who Cuanto(a) - How much
Que - What Cuantos(as) - How many
Cual(es) - Which/What Cuando - When
Donde - Where como - How/what
Por que - Why
Pedir - to order/ask for
yo pido nosotros pedimos
tu pides ustedes pedis
el/ella pide ellos/ellas piden
Servir - to serve
yo sirvo nosotros servimos
tu sirves ellos/ellas sirven
el/ella sirve
Seguir - to follow/continue
yo sigo nosotros seguimos
tu sigues ellos/ellas siguen
el/ella sigue
Decir - to say/tell
yo digo nostros decimos
tu dices ellos/ellas dicen
el/ella dice
Acostarse - to lie down
Te acuestas tarde - do you go to bed late?
Dormir - to sleep
Dormirse- to fall asleep
Sentirse - to feel Yo me siento Tu te scented El se siente Nosotros nos sentimos Ellos se sienten
Levantarse
tu te lavantas
Despertarse
El se despierta
Me despierto - i wake up
Vestirse
Yo me visto
Nos acostamos
Ella se acuesta
Me quedo - I will
Reflexive verbs always accompanied by a reflexive pronoun.
- me, te, se, nos,
Nos tenemos que quedar aqui - We have to stay here
Reflexive verbs always end in “se”: llamarse - to be called
Me llama - i am called
Sentirse - to feel
Me siento - I feel
Ellas se visten rapido - they get dressed quickly
Sentirse (to feel) Me siento Te sientes Se siente Nos sentimos Ellos se sienten
Reflexive verbs are always accompanied by a reflexive pronoun.
Llamarse - me llamo (to be called - I am called)
Sentirse - me siento (to feel - I feel)
Despertarse (to wake up), te despiertas (you wake up)
Dormirse (to fall asleep), se duermen (they fall asleep), nos dormimos (we fall asleep)
Como te sientes - how do you feel
Vestirse- get dressed
Levantarse - to get up
Como te sientes hoy - how do you feel today
A que hora te levantas - what time do you get up
Haber - to have Yo he Tu has El ha Nosotros hemos Ellos Han
Aun no he desayunado - I still have not eaten breakfast
Esta semana he Ido al museo - this week I’ve gone to the museum
Hace Estar Translation Hace calor. Está caliente. It is hot. Hace frío. Está frío. It is cold. Hace sol. Está soleado. It is sunny. Hace viento. Está ventoso. It is windy. Hace buen tiempo. El tiempo está bueno. The weather is good. Hace mal tiempo. El tiempo está malo.
You can see in those examples that hace is always followed by a noun.
Estar, on the contrary, is either followed by an adjective or by a gerund (the form of a noun that ends in -ndo, as in Está lloviendo.).
In Spanish, the infinitive is just one word and can be recognized by its endings:
- ar
- er
- ir
In Spanish, each verb has two parts: the stem and the ending.
Take hablar, or to speak:
habl- is the stem
-ar is the ending
To conjugate most regular verbs in Spanish, drop the infinitive’s ending (-ar, -er, -ir) and add the ending that corresponds to the different subject pronouns to the stem.
For example: infinitive stem conjugated form hablar habl- yo hablo caminar camin- tú caminas bailar bail- nosotros bailamos
pronoun ending yo -o tú -as él, ella -a nosotros -amos ustedes, ellos, ellas
Weather
Lluvia - rain Hielo - ice Chaqueta - jacket Nevar - snow Llover - to rain Esta novendo mucho - it is snowing a lot Esta lloviendo mucho hoy - it is raining a lot today
Mar Piscina - pool Musica Teatro Arte Ciudad Arena - sand Actividad
Phrases with “tener” - to have
Las ganas - desire, appetite El problema - problem El hambre - hunger La sed - thirst La razón - reason. To be right El miedo - fear La rabia - anger El sueño - sleep La prisa - hurry La suerte - luck
Eating and drinking
El almuerzo - lunch El cuchillo - knife La taza - cup El desayuno - breakfast La comida - food La dieta - diet almorzar - to eat lunch favorito - favorite
Volver - to return Yo vuelvo Tu vuelves El vuelve Nosotros volvemos Ellos vuelven
Trabajado - worked Desayunado - eaten breakfast Estudiado - studied Estado - been Tenido - had Hecho - done
Por is used:
Going through or around an area / around, through, along, by Trotamos por la ciudad. We jog around the city.
Reason for an action or justification / because of, on account of No fuimos al parque por el mal tiempo. We didn’t go to the park because of the bad weather.
Communications and transportation / by, on, by way of, by means of Yo aprendo español por la red. / Yo viajo por la autopista. I learn Spanish online. / I travel by (way of) the highway.
Exchange or substitution / for, in exchange for Te cambio mi casa por tu apartamento. I will exchange my house for your apartment.
Provides a time frame / for, during, in Te visito por dos días.
Para is used:
Purpose or goal / in order to, for, used for La biblioteca es para leer. The library is for studying.
Destinations / in direction of, toward, to Hoy salimos para Lima. We leave for Lima today.
Deadline / by, for Juan tiene que terminar el documento para el viernes. Juan has to finish the document by Friday.
In the employ of… / for Carlos trabaja para Lucía. Carlos works for Lucía.
Recipient of something / for Compramos una moto para ti.
