Inferential Statistics (RESEARCH METHODS 3/3)

Question 1

nominal data

Answer 1

data that falls into categories or groups
e.g. number of students who pass or fail
links to the mode
do not tell us actual scores

Question 2

ordinal data

Answer 2

ranked data or data on a made-up scale
e.g. ranking students’ happiness on scale of 1-10
links to the median
can be turned into nominal data
tells us positions, not actual values

Question 3

interval / ratio data

Answer 3

data telling you where someone is on a standardised scale
e.g. timings of runners (secs), IQ, height
links to the mean
can be turned into ordinal or nominal data
ratio has starting value of absolute zero (e.g. height, time, weight)
tells us differences between each value

Question 4

questions determining which stats test to use

Answer 4

tests of difference or relationship?
experimental design?
level of data?

Question 5

tests of difference

Answer 5

comparing data groups to see if there is a difference
e.g. gender difference in intelligence

Question 6

tests of relationship

Answer 6

whether one variable is related to another
e.g. warmer the weather, more aggressive drivers become

Question 7

experimental design

Answer 7

difference = independent groups, repeated measures or matched pairs
relationship = correlation

Question 8

level of data

Answer 8

nominal, ordinal, interval / ratio

Question 9

stats test

Answer 9

see booklet