Infective Endocarditis Flashcards
What is endocarditis
infection of the heart valve endothelium
Who is predisposed
calcified/sclerosed valves congenital rheumatic fever prosthetic valves IVD users IV lines
What is it called when bacteria infect the thrombo
microbial vegetation
What can happen to the vegetation
Break off and lodge itself in capillary bed = ABSCESSES or HAEMORRHAGE
Which side of the heart is usually affected
left
What are the most common bacteria infecting native valves
staph aureus
strep viridans
atypicals
What are the sypmtoms to watch out for?
New murmur clubbing splinter haemorrhages janeway lesions roths spots osler nodes
How is a diagnosis made
three sets of blood cultures taken
serology for atypicals
ecg
What bacteria infect prostetic valves
early- staph aureus or epidermidis
late- anything
What side of the heart is usually infected in IVD
right side
What organism usually infects IVD
staph aureus- can present as pneumonia
What is the empirical treatment for a native valve
Benzylpenicillin and gentamicin
What is the treatment for a prothetic heart valve
vancomycin and gentamicin
What is the treatment for an IVD
flucloxacillin
Staph aureus?
flucoloxacillin
